Impact d'un regime mono-algal sur les fonctions immunitiares de deux especes de bivalves -Crassostrea gigas et Ruditapes phillipinarum

Publication

2003-09

English

http://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2003/publication-354.pdf (0.08 Mo)

2003 The Company of Biologists Ltd

Delaporte Maryse, Soudant Philippe, Moal Jeanne, Lambert Christophe, Quere Claudie, Miner Philippe, Choquet Gwenaelle, Paillard Christine, Samain Jean-Francois

UBO, CNRS UMR 6539, IUEM, Lab Sci Environm Marin, F-29280 Plouzane, France.
IFREMER, Lab Physiol Inverbebres, F-29280 Plouzane, France.

Journal of Experimental Biology (0022-0949) (The Company of Biologists), 2003-09 , Vol. 206 , N. 17 , P. 3053-3064

63

Aquaculture, Biology

Immunologie, Bivalve, Ruditapes philippinarum, Crassostrea gigas, Acides gras poly insatures, Phagocytose, Flambee respiratoire, Membrane, Hemocyte, Nutrition

Ruditapes philippinarum, Crassostrea gigas, Polyunsaturated fatty acids, Phagocytosis, Oxidative activity, Haemocyte membrane, Nutrition, Immunology, Bivalve

The impact of diets upon the fatty acid composition of haemocyte polar lipids and consequently upon immune parameters has been tested in the oyster Crassostrea gigas and the clam Ruditapes philippinarum. Oysters and clams were fed each of three cultured algae: Chaetoceros calcitrans, which is rich in 20:5(n-3) and 20:4(n-6) and poor in 22:6(n-3) fatty acids; T-Iso (Isochrysis sp.), which is rich in 22:6(n-3) and deficient in 20:5(n-3) and 20:4(n-6); and Tetraselmis suecica, which is deficient in 22:6(n-3) and contains only small amounts of 20:5(n-3) and 20:4(n-6). Fatty acid composition of haemocyte polar lipids was greatly affected by the diet. Oysters and clams fed C. calcitrans maintained a higher proportion of 20:5(n-3) and 20:4(n-6) in their haemocyte polar lipids, while these polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased drastically for animals fed T-Iso. However, the T-Iso diet maintained 22:6(n-3) in haemocyte polar lipids of both species. Higher 20:5(n-3) and 20:4(n-6) contents in diets appeared to have a positive effect upon total haemocyte count, granulocyte percentage, phagocytic rate and oxidative activity of clam haemocytes. Similarly, a positive effect of 20:5(n-3) on oxidative activity of oyster haemocytes was observed but to a lesser extent than in clams. Interestingly, when oyster haemocytes are submitted to a stressful condition, a positive effect of a higher dietary 22:6(n-3) content on the phagocytic rate was noticed.