GNSS-R nonlocal sea state dependencies: Model and empirical verification
| Type | Article | ||||||||
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| Date | 2016-11 | ||||||||
| Language | English | ||||||||
| Author(s) | Chen-Zhang David D.1, Ruf Christopher S.2, Ardhuin Fabrice 3, Park Jeonghwan4 |
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| Affiliation(s) | 1 : Univ Michigan, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. 2 : Univ Michigan, Climate & Space Dept, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. 3 : Univ Brest, IFREMER, Lab Ocean Phys & Satellite Oceanog, CNRS,IRD, Plouzane, France. 4 : Ohio State Univ, Electrosci Lab, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. |
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| Source | Journal Of Geophysical Research-oceans (2169-9275) (Amer Geophysical Union), 2016-11 , Vol. 121 , N. 11 , P. 8379-8394 | ||||||||
| DOI | 10.1002/2016JC012308 | ||||||||
| WOS© Times Cited | 14 | ||||||||
| Keyword(s) | waves, wind, remote sensing | ||||||||
| Abstract | Global Navigation Satellite System Reflectometry (GNSS-R) is an active, bistatic remote sensing technique operating at L-band frequencies. GNSS-R signals scattered from a rough ocean surface are known to interact with longer surface waves than traditional scatterometery and altimetry signals. A revised forward model for GNSS-R measurements is presented which assumes an ocean surface wave spectrum that is forced by other sources than just the local near-surface winds. The model is motivated by recent spaceborne GNSS-R observations that indicate a strong scattering dependence on significant wave height, even after controlling for local wind speed. This behavior is not well represented by the most commonly used GNSS-R scattering model, which features a one-to-one relationship between wind speed and the mean-square-slope of the ocean surface. The revised forward model incorporates a third generation wave model that is skillful at representing long waves, an anchored spectral tail model, and a GNSS-R electromagnetic scattering model. In comparisons with the spaceborne measurements, the new model is much better able to reproduce the empirical behavior. | ||||||||
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