FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Improved electromagnetic bias theory BT AF ELFOUHAILY, T THOMPSON, DR CHAPRON, Bertrand VANDEMARK, D AS 1:;2:;3:;4:; FF 1:;2:;3:PDG-DRO-DOPS-LOS;4:; C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. IFREMER, Ctr Brest, Dept Oceanog Spatiale, F-29280 Plouzane, France. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Lab Hydrospher Proc, Wallops Island, VA 23337 USA. C2 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV, USA IFREMER, FRANCE NASA, USA SI BREST SE PDG-DRO-DOPS-LOS IN WOS Ifremer jusqu'en 2018 IF 2.68 TC 34 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00000/10585/9395.pdf LA English DT Article AB In this paper we describe modifications to a previous theory for the altimeter electromagnetic bias (EM bias) of Srokosz [1986]. A major correction introduces a scaling of Srokosz's model by nonnegligible dimensionless ratios that depend on the slope variance of both long and short waves. With these modifications the EM bias is no longer simply a function of the cross skewness between surface elevation and slope but now depends on the variance ratios that represent the modulation between short and long waves, Inclusion of these ratios can reduce previous EM bias estimates by as much as 50%. Different directions for the longwave and shortwave field are also accounted for in the two-dimensional development of our approach. A radar frequency dependence consistent with observation is also predicted by the new model. Derivation extending our development to the next higher order in wave statistics is also presented and discussed. PY 2000 SO Journal Of Geophysical Research Oceans SN 0148-0227 PU Amer Geophysical Union VL 105 IS C1 UT 000084802700022 BP 1299 EP 1310 ID 10585 ER EF