Phylogenetic and morphological characterisation of the green algae infecting blue mussel Mytilus edulis in the North and South Atlantic oceans
| Type | Article | ||||||||
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| Date | 2008-09 | ||||||||
| Language | English | ||||||||
| Author(s) | Rodriguez Francisco2, 3, 4, Feist Stephen, Guillou Laure2, 3, Harkestad Lisbeth1, Bateman Kelly4, Renault Tristan5, Mortensen Stein1 | ||||||||
| Affiliation(s) | 1 : Inst Marine Res, N-5817 Bergen, Norway. 2 : CNRS, Stn Biol Roscoff, UMR 7144, F-29682 Roscoff, France. 3 : Univ Paris 06, F-29682 Roscoff, France. 4 : Cefas, Weymouth DT4 8UB, Dorset, England. 5 : IFREMER, Lab Genet & Pathol, F-17390 La Tremblade, France. |
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| Source | Diseases of aquatic organisms (0177-5103) (Inter-Research), 2008-09 , Vol. 81 , P. 231-240 | ||||||||
| DOI | 10.3354/dao01956 | ||||||||
| WOS© Times Cited | 25 | ||||||||
| Keyword(s) | Phylogeny, Parasitic alga, Mytilus edulis chilensis, Mytilus edulis, Coccomyxa parasitica, Blue mussels | ||||||||
| Abstract | Blue mussels Mytilus edulis with shell deformations and green pustules containing parasitic algae were collected at 3 coastal sites (Burøy, Norway; Bockholm, Denmark; Goose Green, Falkland Islands). A comparative study, including mussel histopathology, algal morphology, ultrastructure and phylogenetic position was performed. Green pustules were mainly located in the posterior portion of the mantle and gonad tissues and the posterior adductor muscle. Electron microscopy confirmed the presence of algal cells with similar morphology to Coccomyxa parasitica. Algae were oval shaped with a single nucleus and chloroplast, 1 or 2 mitochondria and a dense granular cytoplasm with a lipid inclusion body, Golgi apparatus and small vesicles. Partial small subunit (SSU) rRNA phylogeny confirmed the inclusion of parasitic algae into the Coccomyxa clade. However, the sequence identity between almost full SSU rRNA sequences of parasitic algae and others in this clade yielded an unexpected result. Green algae from mussels were distant from C. parasitica Culture Collection of Algae and Protozoa (CCAP) strain 216/18 (94% identity), but very similar (99% identity) to C. glaronensis (a lichen endosymbiont) and green endophytes from the tree Ginkgo biloba. The CCAP strain 216/18 was a sister sequence to Nannochloris algae, far from the Coccomyxa clade. These results suggest a misidentification or outgrowth of the original CCAP strain 216/18 by a different 'Nannochloris-like' trebouxiophycean organism. In contrast, our sequences directly obtained from infested mussels could represent the true C. parasitica responsible for the green pustules in blue mussels. |
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