FN Archimer Export Format
PT J
TI Impact of natural (waves and currents) and anthropogenic (trawl) resuspension on the export of particulate matter to the open ocean Application to the Gulf of Lion (NW Mediterranean)
BT 
AF FERRE, B
   DURRIEU DE MADRON, X
   ESTOURNEL, C
   ULSES, C
   LE CORRE, Gildas
AS 1:1;2:1;3:2;4:2;5:3;
FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;5:PDG-DOP-DCM-HMT;
C1 Univ Perpignan, CNRS, CEFREM, F-66025 Perpignan, France.
   Univ Toulouse, CNRS, LA, Toulouse, France.
   DRH, IFREMER, Sete, France.
C2 UNIV PERPIGNAN, FRANCE
   UNIV TOULOUSE, FRANCE
   IFREMER, FRANCE
SI SETE
SE PDG-DOP-DCM-HMT
IN WOS Ifremer jusqu'en 2018
   copubli-france
   copubli-univ-france
IF 2.136
TC 61
TU CNRS
   IFREMER
   UNIVERSITE PERPIGNAN
   UNIVERSITE TOULOUSE
   UNIVERSITE TOULOUSE 3
UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/2008/publication-4682.pdf
LA English
DT Article
CR INTERPOL 1
   INTERPOL 2
BO L'Europe
DE ;Mediterranean;Trawling;Fisheries;Shelf slope exchanges;Sediment transport;Sediment dynamics
AB Modern sediment deposits on continental margins form a vast reservoir of particulate matter that is regularly affected by resuspension processes. Resuspension by bottom trawling on shelves with strong fishing activity can modify the scale of natural disturbance by waves and currents. Recent field data show that the impact of bottom trawls on fine sediment resuspension per unit surface is comparable with that of the largest storms.   We assessed the impact of both natural and anthropogenic processes on the dispersal of riverborne particles and shelf sediments on the Gulf of Lion shelf. We performed realistic numerical simulations of resuspension and transport forced by currents and waves or by a fleet of bottom trawlers. Simulations were conducted for a 16-month period (January 1998-April 1999) to characterise the seasonal variability. The sediment dynamics takes into account bed armoring, ripple geometry and the cohesive and non-cohesive characteristics of the sediments. Essential but uncertain parameters (clay content, erosion fluxes and critical shear stress for cohesive sediment) were set with existing data. Resuspension by waves and currents was controlled by shear stress, whereas resuspension by trawls was controlled by density and distribution of the bottom trawler fleet.   Natural resuspension by waves and currents mostly occurred during short seasonal episodes, and was concentrated on the inner shelf. Trawling-induced resuspension, in contrast, occurred regularly throughout the year and was concentrated on the outer shelf. The total annual erosion by trawls (5.6 x 10(6) t y(-1), t for metric tonnes) was four orders of magnitude lower than the erosion induced by waves and currents (35.3 x 10(9) t y(-1)). However the net resuspension (erosion/deposition budget) for trawling (0.4 x 10(6) t y(-1)) was only one order of magnitude lower than that for waves and currents (9.2 x 10(6) t y(-1)). Off-shelf export concerned the finest fraction of the sediment (clays and fine silts) and took place primarily at the southwestern end of the Gulf.   Off-shelf transport was favoured during the winter 1999 by a very intense episode of dense shelf water cascading. Export of sediment resuspended by trawls (0.4 x 10(6) t y(-1))was one order of magnitude lower than export associated with natural resuspension (8.5 x 10(6) t y(-1)). Trawling-induced resuspension is thought to represent one-third of the total export of suspended sediment from the shelf.   A simulation combining both resuspension processes reveals no significant changes in resuspension and export rates compared with the sum of each individual process, suggesting the absence of interference between both processes. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
PY 2008
PD AUG
SO Continental Shelf Research
SN 0278-4343
PU Elsevier
VL 28
IS 15
UT 000259917800015
BP 2071
EP 2091
DI 10.1016/j.csr.2008.02.002
ID 4682
ER

EF