FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Double staining protocol for developing European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae BT AF DARIAS, M. J. WING, O. Lan Chow CAHU, Chantal ZAMBONINO-INFANTE, Jose-Luis MAZURAIS, David AS 1:1;2:1;3:1;4:1;5:1; FF 1:;2:;3:PDG-DOP-DCB-PFOM;4:PDG-DOP-DCB-PFOM-ARN;5:PDG-DOP-DCB-PFOM-ARN; C1 Technopole Brest Iroise, IFREMER, Nutr Aquaculture & Genom Res Unit, Ifremer Marine Fish Nutr Team,UMR 1067, F-29280 Plouzane, France. IRTA-SCR, Ctra. de Poble Nou s/n, Sant Carles de la RĂ pita, Tarragona, Spain. C2 IFREMER, FRANCE IRTA, SPAIN SI BREST SE PDG-DOP-DCB-PFOM PDG-DOP-DCB-PFOM-ARN IN WOS Ifremer jusqu'en 2018 copubli-europe IF 0.945 TC 39 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00002/11371/8364.pdf LA English DT Article AB P>The alcian blue-alizarin red technique was successfully adjusted to stain developing European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae. For an optimal staining protocol design both larval size and their morphological characteristics at each developmental stage were considered, since such parameters notably influence the staining of tissues. The incubation times of the different solutions were adjusted to allow the stain penetration for revealing the integrity of cartilaginous and bony tissues without significant tissue degradation. Three developmental windows were determined for an optimal staining procedure: (i) 4.5-6.4 mm, (ii) 6.7-8.7 mm, and (iii) 12.8-15.5 mm total length (TL). In order to validate the continuity of staining along the larval development, quantification of bone mineralization and osteocalcin gene expression were also monitored. Quantitative analysis revealed that ossification followed an exponential kinetic that was positively correlated with the osteocalcin gene expression pattern (Rs = 0.9762, P < 0.05). The mineralized tissue increased from 6.4 mm TL onwards, corresponding with the detection of the first ossified structures. The quantity of bony tissue increased gradually until 7.6 mm TL, since mineralization remained limited to the skull. From 8.3 to 15.5 mm TL, the mineralized bone was notable and nearly concerned the whole larval skeleton (skull, vertebral column and caudal complex). Since it was possible to detect the first cartilaginous and mineralized structures in specimens as small as 4.5 and 6.4 mm TL, respectively, this procedure is a useful tool to study the European sea bass skeletal ontogenesis, to precociously diagnose skeletal malformations in small larvae and eventually to better characterize the effect of different environmental and/or nutritional factors on the ossification status of specific skeletal components. PY 2010 PD APR SO Journal of Applied Ichthyology SN 0175-8659 PU Wiley / Blackwell VL 26 IS 2 UT 000276655800029 BP 280 EP 285 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01421.x ID 11371 ER EF