FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Glycine betaine as a direct substrate for methanogens (Methanococcoides spp.) BT AF WATKINS, Andrew J. ROUSSEL, Erwan PARKES, R. John SASS, Henrik AS 1:1;2:1;3:1;4:1; FF 1:;2:;3:;4:; C1 Cardiff Univ, Sch Earth & Ocean Sci, Cardiff CF10 3AX, S Glam, Wales. C2 UNIV CARDIFF, UK IF 3.668 TC 47 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00161/27235/25443.pdf LA English DT Article AB Nine marine methanogenic Methanococcoides strains, including the type strains of M. methylutens, M. burtonii and M. alaskense, were tested for the utilization of N-methylated glycines. Three strains (NM1, PM2 and MKM1) used glycine betaine (N,N,N-trimethylglycine) as a substrate for methanogenesis, partially demethylating it to N,N-dimethylglycine, whereas none of the strains used N,N-dimethylglycine or sarcosine (N-methylglycine). Growth rates and growth yields per mol of substrate with glycine betaine (3.96 g dw per mol) were similar to those with trimethylamine (4.11 g dw per mol). However, as glycine betaine is only partially demethylated, the yield per methyl group was significantly higher than with trimethylamine. If glycine betaine and trimethylamine are provided together, trimethylamine is demethylated to dimethyl- and methylamine with limited glycine betaine utilization. After trimethylamine is depleted, dimethylamine and glycine betaine are consumed rapidly, before methylamine. Glycine betaine extends the range of substrates that can be directly utilized by some methanogens allowing them to gain energy from this substrate without the need for syntrophic partners. PY 2014 PD JAN SO Applied And Environmental Microbiology SN 0099-2240 PU Amer Soc Microbiology VL 80 IS 1 UT 000328851400031 BP 289 EP 293 DI 10.1128/AEM.03076-13 ID 27235 ER EF