Bivalve aquaculture transfers in Atlantic Europe. Part A: Transfer activities and legal framework
Type | Article | ||||||||||||
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Date | 2014-03 | ||||||||||||
Language | English | ||||||||||||
Author(s) | Muehlbauer F.1, Fraser Duncan2, Brenner M.3, 4, Van Nieuwenhove K.5, Buck B. H.4, 6, Strand O.7, Mazurie Joseph8, Thorarinsdottir G.9, Dolmer P.10, O'Beirn F.11, Sanchez-Mata A.12, Flimlin G.13, Kamermans P.14 | ||||||||||||
Affiliation(s) | 1 : Univ Rostock, Dept State & Adm Law Environm Law & Publ Econ Law, D-18051 Rostock, Germany. 2 : Dept Aquaculture & Searanching, D-18059 Rostock, Germany. 3 : Fisheries Res Serv, Marine Lab, Aberdeen AB11 9DB, Scotland. 4 : Alfred Wegener Inst Helmholtz Ctr Polar & Marine, D-27570 Bremerhaven, Germany. 5 : Inst Agr & Fisheries Res ILVO, B-8400 Oostende, Belgium. 6 : Univ Appl Sci, Maritime Technol, D-27568 Bremerhaven, Germany. 7 : Inst Marine Res, N-5817 Bergen, Norway. 8 : French Res Inst Exploitat Sea IFREMER, F-56470 La Trinite Sur Mer, France. 9 : Marine Res Inst, IS-121 Reykjavik, Iceland. 10 : Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Inst Aquat Resources DTU Aqua, DK-2920 Charlottenlund, Denmark. 11 : Inst Marine, Galway, Ireland. 12 : Ctr Marine Res CIMA, Vilanova De Arousa 36620, Spain. 13 : Rutgers Cooperat Extens, Toms River, NJ 08755 USA. 14 : Inst Marine Resources & Ecosyst Studies IMARES, NL-4400 AB Yerseke, Netherlands. |
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Source | Ocean & Coastal Management (0964-5691) (Elsevier Sci Ltd), 2014-03 , Vol. 89 , P. 127-138 | ||||||||||||
DOI | 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2013.12.003 | ||||||||||||
WOS© Times Cited | 20 | ||||||||||||
Abstract | Intentional transfers of numerous bivalve species have had a long tradition and are commonly conducted along the European Atlantic coast. However numerous studies have concluded that intentional transfer of species for aquaculture purposes is one of the most principal vectors for the introduction of exotic species around the world. Threats due to the transfer and introduction of species have been identified and a range of global and regional agreements, guidelines, standards and statutes to minimize effects have been established. Yet whether such regulations can protect and conserve the marine environment and address economic considerations remains unanswered. This study provides the first overview of bivalve transfer activities for aquaculture purposes along the European Atlantic coast. Existing international and EU legislation is described, and potential weaknesses in the existing legislative frameworks are discussed. Recommendations for the development of integrated risk assessment methods are given. These may help to minimize the intrinsic threats of transfer activities in marine environments. The resulting impacts and effects of transfer activities of bivalves for aquaculture purpose are addressed in detail in a companion paper. | ||||||||||||
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