FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Temporal trends in age and size at maturation of four North Sea gadid species: cod, haddock, whiting and Norway pout BT AF MARTY, Lise ROCHET, Marie-Joelle ERNANDE, Bruno AS 1:1;2:2;3:1,3; FF 1:;2:PDG-RBE-EMH;3:PDG-RBE-HMMN-RHBL; C1 IFREMER, Lab Ressources Halieut, F-62321 Boulogne Sur Mer, France. IFREMER, F-44311 Nantes 03, France. Int Inst Appl Syst Anal, Evolut & Ecol Program, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria. C2 IFREMER, FRANCE IFREMER, FRANCE IIASA, AUSTRIA SI NANTES BOULOGNE SE PDG-RBE-EMH PDG-RBE-HMMN-RHBL IN WOS Ifremer jusqu'en 2018 copubli-europe IF 2.619 TC 21 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00180/29152/27559.pdf LA English DT Article CR IBTS 2000 IBTS 2001 IBTS 2002 IBTS 2003 IBTS 2004 IBTS 2005 IBTS 2006 IBTS 2007 IBTS 2008 IBTS 2009 IBTS 2010 IBTS 2011 IBTS 92/2 IBTS 93/1 IBTS 93/2 IBTS 94/1 IBTS 94/2 IBTS 95/1 IBTS 95/2 IBTS 96/1 IBTS 96/2 IBTS 97 IBTS 98 IBTS 99 BO Thalassa DE ;Probabilistic maturation reaction norm;Demography;Phenotypic plasticity;Fisheries-induced evolution;Life-history strategy;Maturity;Growth;Reproductive investment AB Younger ages and smaller sizes at maturation have been observed in commercial fish stocks over the last century. We establish that age and length at 50% proportion mature (i.e. the proportion of mature individuals in a population or the probability that an individual is mature) decreased from the 1970s to the 2000s in North Sea cod Gadus morhua, haddock Melanogrammus aeglefinus and whiting Merlangius merlangus, but not in Norway pout Trisopterus esmarkii. The potential contributions of demography, phenotypic plasticity and evolution to these trends were assessed. First, maturation trends were extricated from demographic effects and growth-dependent plasticity by estimating probabilistic maturation reaction norms (PMRNs). PMRN midpoints have significantly shifted downwards at most ages for cod, haddock and whiting, but not for Norway pout. Second, increased temperature and food abundance, loosened trophic competition and relaxed social pressure may also trigger growth-independent plasticity in maturation. Principal component regression of PMRN midpoints on annual estimates of relevant environmental variables exhibiting a temporal trend suggest that, despite some evidence of environmental effects, PMRN trends were mostly independent of growth-independent plasticity in haddock, whiting and male cod, but not in female cod. According to these findings, evolution of maturation, potentially in response to fishing, is plausible in haddock, whiting and male cod, but unlikely for Norway pout, and does not explain trends in female cod maturation. In agreement with life-history theory, the maturation response was larger in fast-growing, late- and large-maturing species exhibiting moderate reproductive effort. PY 2014 SO Marine Ecology Progress Series SN 0171-8630 PU Inter-research VL 497 UT 000330723600014 BP 179 EP 197 DI 10.3354/meps10580 ID 29152 ER EF