FN Archimer Export Format
PT J
TI Hydrothermal carbonate chimneys from a continental rift (Afar Rift): Mineralogy, geochemistry, and mode of formation
BT 
AF DEKOV, V.M.
   EGUEH, N. M.
   KAMENOV, G. D.
   BAYON, G.
   LALONDE, S.V.
   SCHMIDT, M.
   LIEBETRAU, V.
   MUNNIK, F.
   FOUQUET, Yves
   TANIMIZU, M.
   AWALEH, M. O.
   GUIRREH, I.
   LE GALL, B.
AS 1:1;2:1,2;3:3;4:1;5:2;6:4;7:4;8:5;9:1;10:6;11:;12:;13:2;
FF 1:PDG-REM-GM-LGM;2:;3:;4:PDG-REM-GM-LGM;5:;6:;7:;8:;9:PDG-REM-GM-LGM;10:;11:;12:;13:;
C1 IFREMER, Dept Marine Geosci, Lab Geochim & Metallogenie, F-29280 Plouzane, France.
   Univ Brest, Inst Univ Europeen Mer, Lab Domaines Ocean, CNRS UMR 6538, F-29280 Plouzane, France.
   Univ Florida, Dept Geol Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
   GEOMAR, Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res Kiel, D-24124 Kiel, Germany.
   Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden Rossendorf, Inst Ion Beam Phys & Mat Res, D-01328 Dresden, Germany.
   JAMSTEC, Kochi Inst Core Sample Res, Kochi, Japan.
C2 IFREMER, FRANCE
   UBO, FRANCE
   UNIV FLORIDA, USA
   GEOMAR, GERMANY
   HZDR, GERMANY
   JAMSTEC, JAPAN
SI BREST
SE PDG-REM-GM-LGM
IN WOS Ifremer jusqu'en 2018
   copubli-france
   copubli-europe
   copubli-univ-france
   copubli-int-hors-europe
IF 3.524
TC 35
UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00206/31762/30172.pdf
LA English
DT Article
DE ;Carbonate;Chimney;Continental rift;H-C-O-Ca-Sr-Nd-Pb-Th-U-isotopes;Hydrothermalism
AB Carbonate chimney-like deposits up to 60 m high are scattered or arranged in rows at the shores of a desiccating hypersaline and alkaline lake from a continental rift setting (Lake Abhé, Afar Rift, Djibouti). The chimneys formed sub-aqueously in the lake water body at a higher water level than observed today. Alternating calcite and low-Mg calcite + silica concentric layers compose the chimney structures. Mineralogical and geochemical investigations of the chimneys, lake water, and hot spring (hydrothermal) fluids suggest that the chimneys are a result of rapid carbonate precipitation during the mixing of hydrothermal fluids with lake water. In contrast to the hot spring fluid, lake water is enriched in HREE and possesses a pronounced positive Ce anomaly, features that are preserved in the carbonate chimney layers. Mixing calculations based on Sr- isotope and concentration data indicate a hydrothermal fluid contribution of ~ 45 % in the chimney interior, which decreases to ~ 4 % in the external chimney layer. Sr in the hydrothermal fluids is predominantly leached from the underlying volcanic rocks, whereas the lake’s Sr budget is dominated by riverine input. Considering the fluid mixing ratios calculated by Sr-data, the measured C and O isotope compositions indicate that chimney carbonates precipitated at temperatures between 14 °C (internal part) and 22 °C (external part) with δ13C-carbonate mainly controlled by isotope equilibrium exchange of lake water with atmospheric CO2. The low-Mg calcite layers, including the outermost layer, have enhanced signals of lake water inheritance based on elevated concentrations of immobile elements, ΣREE, and Sr and Ca isotope compositions. Ca-isotope data reveal that internal chimney layers formed by non-equilibrium calcite precipitation with a predominantly hydrothermal Ca source. The external low-Mg calcite layer received Ca contributions from both hydrothermal fluid and lake water, with the latter being the dominant Ca source. Highly positive δ44/40Ca of lake water likely reflects non-equilibrium Ca-carbonate precipitation during lake water evaporation with resulting 44Ca enrichment of residual lake water. The strong degree of 44Ca enrichment may point towards multiple lake drying and Ca-reservoir depletion events. Coupled C-O-Ca-isotope data of the sampled carbonate chimney suggest late-stage (low-temperature) hydrothermal carbonate chimney formation during strongly evaporative lake conditions at the time of low-Mg calcite precipitation. U-Th age dating suggests the chimneys formed no earlier than 0.82 kyr BP (0.28 ± 0.54).
PY 2014
PD NOV
SO Chemical Geology
SN 0009-2541
PU Elsevier Science Bv
VL 387
UT 000345441200009
BP 87
EP 100
DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.08.019
ID 31762
ER

EF