FN Archimer Export Format
PT J
TI Observed small spatial scale and seasonal variability of the CO2 system in the Southern Ocean
BT 
AF RESPLANDY, L.
   BOUTIN, J.
   MERLIVAT, L.
AS 1:1;2:1;3:1;
FF 1:;2:;3:;
C1 LOCEAN (CNRS, IRD, MNHN, UPMC), UMR 7159, Paris, France
C2 CNRS, FRANCE
IN DOAJ
IF 3.978
TC 16
UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00240/35116/33613.pdf
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00240/35116/81206.pdf
LA English
DT Article
CR OISO 8
   OISO1
   OISO2
   OISO3-NIVMER98
   OISO4 (VT 46)
   OISO5 (VT 49)
   VT 105 / OISO 17
   VT 108 / OISO-18
   VT 114 / OISO-19
   VT 117 / OISO-20
   VT 120 / OISO-21
   VT 127 / OISO-22
   VT 51 / OISO 6
   VT 57 / OISO 9
   VT 60 / CARAUS - OISO 10
   VT 62 / CARAUS - OISO 11
   VT 79 / OISO 12
   VT 80 / OISO 13
   VT 81 / OISO 14
   VT 85 / OISO 15
   VT 89 / CARIOCA 2007
   VT 94 / OISO 16
BO Marion Dufresne
AB The considerable uncertainties in the carbon budget of the Southern Ocean are largely attributed to unresolved variability, in particular at a seasonal timescale and small spatial scale (similar to 100 km). In this study, the variability of surface pCO(2) and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) at seasonal and small spatial scales is examined using a data set of surface drifters including similar to 80 000 measurements at high spatiotemporal resolution. On spatial scales of 100 km, we find gradients ranging from 5 to 50 mu atm for pCO(2) and 2 to 30 mu mol kg(-1) for DIC, with highest values in energetic and frontal regions. This result is supported by a second estimate obtained with sea surface temperature (SST) satellite images and local DIC-SST relationships derived from drifter observations. We find that dynamical processes drive the variability of DIC at small spatial scale in most regions of the Southern Ocean and the cascade of large-scale gradients down to small spatial scales, leading to gradients up to 15 mu mol kg(-1) over 100 km. Although the role of biological activity is more localized, it enhances the variability up to 30 mu mol kg(-1) over 100 km. The seasonal cycle of surface DIC is reconstructed following Mahadevan et al. (2011), using an annual climatology of DIC and a monthly climatology of mixed layer depth. This method is evaluated using drifter observations and proves to be a reasonable first-order estimate of the seasonality in the Southern Ocean that could be used to validate model simulations. We find that small spatial-scale structures are a non-negligible source of variability for DIC, with amplitudes of about a third of the variations associated with the seasonality and up to 10 times the magnitude of large-scale gradients. The amplitude of small-scale variability reported here should be kept in mind when inferring temporal changes (seasonality, interannual variability, decadal trends) of the carbon budget from low-resolution observations and models.
PY 2014
PD JAN
SO Biogeosciences
SN 1726-4170
PU Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh
VL 11
IS 1
UT 000329930700005
BP 75
EP 90
DI 10.5194/bg-11-75-2014
ID 35116
ER

EF