Fine-Scale Sonar Study of Tectonics and Volcanism on the Reykjanes Ridge

A survey is described using medium and long-range (Gloria) sidescan sonars of the Reykjanes Ridge crest between 58 and 61 degree N. The survey extended from the part of the ridge crest exhibiting a median valley to that with an axial high. An axial zone, about 13 km wide, is dominated by linear volcanic ridges striking 14 degree and believed to form over fissures running approximately normal to the spreading direction. Outside the axial zone the sea-floor morphology is dominated by inward-facing faults striking subparallel to the Reykjanes Ridge axis, and therefore oblique to the spreading direction. The strike of these faults is believed to be controlled by the way in which the strength of the lithosphere increases away from the ridge axis. The faults have an average spacing of 2.6 km and are about 10 km long. This pattern of faulting is essentially the same as that on "normal" slow-spreading and fast-spreading ridges. The major changes observed going from the SW (median valley) part to the NE (axial high) part of the ridge are decreases in fault throws, fault-block tilts, and heights of volcanic ridges. The origins of these features are discussed qualitatively in terms of a changing temperature structure of the lithosphere along the Ridge axis.

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Searle R C, Laughton A S (1981). Fine-Scale Sonar Study of Tectonics and Volcanism on the Reykjanes Ridge. Oceanologica Acta, Special issue, https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00245/35665/

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