FN Archimer Export Format
PT J
TI Sea-air CO2 fluxes in the Southern Ocean for the period 1990-2009
BT 
AF LENTON, A.
   TILBROOK, B.
   LAW, R. M.
   BAKKER, D.
   DONEY, S. C.
   GRUBER, N.
   ISHII, M.
   HOPPEMA, M.
   LOVENDUSKI, N. S.
   MATEAR, R. J.
   MCNEIL, B. I.
   METZL, N.
   MIKALOFF FLETCHER, S. E.
   MONTEIRO, P. M. S.
   ROEDENBECK, C.
   SWEENEY, C.
   TAKAHASHI, T.
AS 1:1;2:1,2;3:3;4:4;5:5;6:6,7;7:8;8:9;9:10;10:11;11:12;12:13;13:14;14:15,16;15:17;16:18;17:19;
FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;5:;6:;7:;8:;9:;10:;11:;12:;13:;14:;15:;16:;17:;
C1 CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
   Antarctic Climate Ecosyst Cooperat Res Ctr, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
   CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Aspendale, Vic, Australia.
   Univ East Anglia Res Pk, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.
   Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Marine Chem & Geochem, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
   ETH, Inst Biogeochem & Pollutant Dynam, Zurich, Switzerland.
   ETH, Ctr Climate Syst Modeling, Zurich, Switzerland.
   Meteorol Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050031, Japan.
   Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, Bremerhaven, Germany.
   Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
   CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
   Univ New S Wales, Climate Change Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
   Univ Paris 06, CNRS, LOCEAN IPSL, Lab Oceanog & Climat, Paris, France.
   Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Wellington 6021, New Zealand.
   Univ Cape Town, Dept Oceanog, ZA-7700 Rondebosch, South Africa.
   CSIR, Ocean Syst & Climate Grp, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
   Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
   Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
   Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA.
C2 CSIRO, AUSTRALIA
   ACE CRC, AUSTRALIA
   CSIRO, AUSTRALIA
   UNIV E ANGLIA, UK
   WHOI, USA
   ETH ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
   ETH ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
   METEOROL RES INST, JAPAN
   INST A WEGENER, GERMANY
   UNIV COLORADO, USA
   CSIRO, AUSTRALIA
   UNIV NEW S WALES, AUSTRALIA
   UNIV PARIS 06, FRANCE
   NIWA, NEW ZEALAND
   UNIV CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA
   CSIR (SOUTH AFRICA), SOUTH AFRICA
   MAX PLANCK INST, GERMANY
   UNIV COLORADO, USA
   UNIV COLUMBIA, USA
IN DOAJ
IF 3.753
TC 154
UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00253/36409/34949.pdf
LA English
DT Article
CR OISO 8
   OISO1
   OISO2
   OISO3-NIVMER98
   OISO4 (VT 46)
   OISO5 (VT 49)
   VT 105 / OISO 17
   VT 108 / OISO-18
   VT 51 / OISO 6
   VT 57 / OISO 9
   VT 60 / CARAUS - OISO 10
   VT 62 / CARAUS - OISO 11
   VT 79 / OISO 12
   VT 80 / OISO 13
   VT 81 / OISO 14
   VT 85 / OISO 15
   VT 94 / OISO 16
BO Marion Dufresne
AB The Southern Ocean (44-75 degrees S) plays a critical role in the global carbon cycle, yet remains one of the most poorly sampled ocean regions. Different approaches have been used to estimate sea-air CO2 fluxes in this region: synthesis of surface ocean observations, ocean biogeochemical models, and atmospheric and ocean inversions. As part of the RECCAP (REgional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes) project, we combine these different approaches to quantify and assess the magnitude and variability in Southern Ocean sea-air CO2 fluxes between 1990-2009. Using all models and inversions (26), the integrated median annual sea-air CO2 flux of -0.42+/-0.07 Pg C yr(-1) for the 44-75 degrees S region, is consistent with the -0.27+/-0.13 Pg C yr(-1) calculated using surface observations. The circumpolar region south of 58 degrees S has a small net annual flux (model and inversion median: -0.04+/-0.07 Pg C yr(-1) and observations: +0.04+/-0.02 Pg C yr(-1)), with most of the net annual flux located in the 44 to 58 degrees S circumpolar band (model and inversion median: -0.36+/-0.09 Pg C yr(-1) and observations: -0.35+/-0.09 Pg C yr(-1)). Seasonally, in the 44-58 degrees S region, the median of 5 ocean biogeochemical models captures the observed sea-air CO2 flux seasonal cycle, while the median of 11 atmospheric inversions shows little seasonal change in the net flux. South of 58 degrees S, neither atmospheric inversions nor ocean biogeochemical models reproduce the phase and amplitude of the observed seasonal sea-air CO2 flux, particularly in the Austral Winter. Importantly, no individual atmospheric inversion or ocean biogeochemical model is capable of reproducing both the observed annual mean uptake and the observed seasonal cycle. This raises concerns about projecting future changes in Southern Ocean CO2 fluxes. The median interannual variability from atmospheric inversions and ocean biogeochemical models is substantial in the Southern Ocean; up to 25% of the annual mean flux, with 25% of this interannual variability attributed to the region south of 58 degrees S. Resolving long-term trends is difficult due to the large interannual variability and short time frame (1990-2009) of this study; this is particularly evident from the large spread in trends from inversions and ocean biogeochemical models. Nevertheless, in the period 1990-2009 ocean biogeochemical models do show increasing oceanic uptake consistent with the expected increase of -0.05 Pg C yr(-1) decade(-1). In contrast, atmospheric inversions suggest little change in the strength of the CO2 sink broadly consistent with the results of Le Quere et al. (2007).
PY 2013
SO Biogeosciences
SN 1726-4170
PU Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh
VL 10
IS 6
UT 000321122700038
BP 4037
EP 4054
DI 10.5194/bg-10-4037-2013
ID 36409
ER

EF