FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Long-term variations in Iceland-Scotland overflow strength during the Holocene BT AF THORNALLEY, D. J. R. BLASCHEK, M. DAVIES, F. J. PRAETORIUS, S. OPPO, D. W. MCMANUS, J. F. HALL, I. R. KLEIVEN, H. RENSSEN, H. MCCAVE, I. N. AS 1:1;2:2;3:2;4:3;5:1;6:4;7:5;8:6;9:2;10:7; FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;5:;6:;7:;8:;9:;10:; C1 Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Geol & Geophys, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Earth & Life Sci, Dept Earth Sci, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. Cardiff Univ, Sch Earth & Ocean Sci, Cardiff CF10 3AX, S Glam, Wales. Univ Bergen, Dept Earth Sci, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. Univ Cambridge, Dept Earth Sci, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, England. C2 WHOI, USA UNIV VRIJE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS UNIV OREGON STATE, USA UNIV COLUMBIA, USA UNIV CARDIFF, UK UNIV BERGEN, NORWAY UNIV CAMBRIDGE, UK IN DOAJ IF 3.482 TC 65 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00264/37571/35836.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00264/37571/35837.pdf LA English DT Article CR IMAGES V LEG 1-MD114 IMAGES V LEG 4-MD114 BO Marion Dufresne AB The overflow of deep water from the Nordic seas into the North Atlantic plays a critical role in global ocean circulation and climate. Approximately half of this overflow occurs via the Iceland-Scotland (I-S) overflow, yet the history of its strength throughout the Holocene (similar to 0-11 700 yr ago, ka) is poorly constrained, with previous studies presenting apparently contradictory evidence regarding its long-term variability. Here, we provide a comprehensive reconstruction of I-S overflow strength throughout the Holocene using sediment grain size data from a depth transect of 13 cores from the Iceland Basin. Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that the main axis of the I-S overflow on the Iceland slope was shallower during the early Holocene, deepening to its present depth by similar to 7 ka. Our results also reveal weaker I-S overflow during the early and late Holocene, with maximum overflow strength occurring at similar to 7 ka, the time of a regional climate thermal maximum. Climate model simulations suggest a shoaling of deep convection in the Nordic seas during the early and late Holocene, consistent with our evidence for weaker I-S overflow during these intervals. Whereas the reduction in I-S overflow strength during the early Holocene likely resulted from melting remnant glacial ice sheets, the decline throughout the last 7000 yr was caused by an orbitally induced increase in the amount of Arctic sea ice entering the Nordic seas. Although the flux of Arctic sea ice to the Nordic seas is expected to decrease throughout the next century, model simulations predict that under high emissions scenarios, competing effects, such as warmer sea surface temperatures in the Nordic seas, will result in reduced deep convection, likely driving a weaker I-S overflow. PY 2013 SO Climate Of The Past SN 1814-9324 PU Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh VL 9 IS 5 UT 000326597800003 BP 2073 EP 2084 DI 10.5194/cp-9-2073-2013 ID 37571 ER EF