FN Archimer Export Format
PT J
TI Biology and air-sea gas exchange controls on the distribution of carbon isotope ratios (delta C-13) in the ocean
BT 
AF SCHMITTNER, A.
   GRUBER, N.
   MIX, A. C.
   KEY, R. M.
   TAGLIABUE, A.
   WESTBERRY, T. K.
AS 1:1;2:2;3:1;4:3;5:4;6:5;
FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;5:;6:;
C1 Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
   ETH, Inst Biogeochem & Pollutant Dynam, Zurich, Switzerland.
   Princeton Univ, Dept Geosci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
   Univ Liverpool, Sch Environm Sci, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England.
   Oregon State Univ, Dept Bot & Plant Pathol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
C2 UNIV OREGON STATE, USA
   ETH ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
   UNIV PRINCETON, USA
   UNIV LIVERPOOL, UK
   UNIV OREGON STATE, USA
IN DOAJ
IF 3.753
TC 120
UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00292/40354/38909.pdf
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00292/40354/38910.zip
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00292/40354/71284.pdf
LA English
DT Article
CR OISO 8
   OISO1
   OISO2
   OISO3-NIVMER98
   OISO4 (VT 46)
   OISO5 (VT 49)
   VT 105 / OISO 17
   VT 108 / OISO-18
   VT 114 / OISO-19
   VT 117 / OISO-20
   VT 120 / OISO-21
   VT 127 / OISO-22
   VT 51 / OISO 6
   VT 57 / OISO 9
   VT 60 / CARAUS - OISO 10
   VT 62 / CARAUS - OISO 11
   VT 79 / OISO 12
   VT 80 / OISO 13
   VT 81 / OISO 14
   VT 85 / OISO 15
   VT 94 / OISO 16
BO Marion Dufresne
AB Analysis of observations and sensitivity experiments with a new three-dimensional global model of stable carbon isotope cycling elucidate processes that control the distribution of delta C-13 of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) in the contemporary and preindustrial ocean. Biological fractionation and the sinking of isotopically light delta C-13 organic matter from the surface into the interior ocean leads to low delta C-13(DIC) values at depths and in high latitude surface waters and high values in the upper ocean at low latitudes with maxima in the subtropics. Air-sea gas exchange has two effects. First, it acts to reduce the spatial gradients created by biology. Second, the associated temperature-dependent fractionation tends to increase (decrease) delta C-13(DIC) values of colder (warmer) water, which generates gradients that oppose those arising from biology. Our model results suggest that both effects are similarly important in influencing surface and interior delta C-13(DIC) distributions. However, since air-sea gas exchange is slow in the modern ocean, the biological effect dominates spatial delta C-13(DIC) gradients both in the interior and at the surface, in contrast to conclusions from some previous studies. Calcium carbonate cycling, pH dependency of fractionation during air-sea gas exchange, and kinetic fractionation have minor effects on delta C-13(DIC). Accumulation of isotopically light carbon from anthropogenic fossil fuel burning has decreased the spatial variability of surface and deep delta C-13(DIC) since the industrial revolution in our model simulations. Analysis of a new synthesis of delta C-13(DIC) measurements from years 1990 to 2005 is used to quantify preformed and remineralized contributions as well as the effects of biology and air-sea gas exchange. The model reproduces major features of the observed large-scale distribution of delta C-13(DIC) as well as the individual contributions and effects. Residual misfits are documented and analyzed. Simulated surface and subsurface delta C-13(DIC) are influenced by details of the ecosystem model formulation. For example, inclusion of a simple parameterization of iron limitation of phytoplankton growth rates and temperature-dependent zooplankton grazing rates improves the agreement with delta C-13(DIC) observations and satellite estimates of phytoplankton growth rates and biomass, suggesting that delta C-13 can also be a useful test of ecosystem models.
PY 2013
PD SEP
SO Biogeosciences
SN 1726-4170
PU Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh
VL 10
IS 9
UT 000324460000004
BP 5793
EP 5816
DI 10.5194/bg-10-5793-2013
ID 40354
ER

EF