FN Archimer Export Format
PT J
TI Current systematic carbon-cycle observations and the need for implementing a policy-relevant carbon observing system
BT 
AF CIAIS, P.
   DOLMAN, A. J.
   BOMBELLI, A.
   DUREN, R.
   PEREGON, A.
   RAYNER, P. J.
   MILLER, C.
   GOBRON, N.
   KINDERMAN, G.
   MARLAND, G.
   GRUBER, N.
   CHEVALLIER, F.
   ANDRES, R. J.
   BALSAMO, G.
   BOPP, L.
   BREON, F. -M.
   BROQUET, G.
   DARGAVILLE, R.
   BATTIN, T. J.
   BORGES, A.
   BOVENSMANN, H.
   BUCHWITZ, M.
   BUTLER, J.
   CANADELL, J. G.
   COOK, R. B.
   DEFRIES, R.
   ENGELEN, R.
   GURNEY, K. R.
   HEINZE, C.
   HEIMANN, M.
   HELD, A.
   HENRY, M.
   LAW, B.
   LUYSSAERT, S.
   MILLER, J.
   MORIYAMA, T.
   MOULIN, C.
   MYNENI, R. B.
   NUSSLI, C.
   OBERSTEINER, M.
   OJIMA, D.
   PAN, Y.
   PARIS, J. -D.
   PIAO, S. L.
   POULTER, B.
   PLUMMER, S.
   QUEGAN, S.
   RAYMOND, P.
   REICHSTEIN, M.
   RIVIER, L.
   SABINE, C.
   SCHIMEL, D.
   TARASOVA, O.
   VALENTINI, R.
   WANG, R.
   VAN DER WERF, G.
   WICKLAND, D.
   WILLIAMS, M.
   ZEHNER, C.
AS 1:1;2:2;3:3;4:4;5:1;6:5;7:4;8:6;9:7;10:8;11:9,10;12:1;13:11;14:12;15:1;16:1;17:1;18:5;19:13;20:14;21:15;22:15;23:16;24:17;25:11;26:18;27:12;28:19;29:20,21,22;30:23;31:24;32:25;33:26;34:1;35:16,27;36:28;37:1;38:29;39:30;40:7;41:31;42:32;43:1;44:33;45:1;46:34;47:35;48:36;49:23;50:1;51:37;52:38;53:39;54:3;55:1;56:2;57:40;58:41;59:42;
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C1 CEA CNRS UVSQ, Lab Sci Climat & Environm, UMR8212, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
   Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
   CMCC, Euromediterranean Ctr Climate Change, Div Climate Change Impacts Agr Forests & Nat Ecos, I-73100 Lecce, Italy.
   CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
   Univ Melbourne, Sch Earth Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
   Commiss European Communities, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Global Environm Monitoring Unit, I-21020 Ispra, Italy.
   IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria.
   Appalachian State Univ, Res Inst Environm Energy & Econ, Boone, NC 28608 USA.
   Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Biogeochem & Pollutant Dynam, Zurich, Switzerland.
   Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Ctr Climate Syst Modeling, Zurich, Switzerland.
   Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Carbon Dioxide Informat Anal Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
   European Ctr Medium Range Weather Forecasts ECMWF, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England.
   Univ Vienna, Dept Limnol, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
   Univ Liege, Chem Oceanog Unit, Inst Phys B5, B-4000 Cointe Ougree, Belgium.
   Univ Bremen, Inst Environm Phys IUP, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
   NOAA, ESRL, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
   CSIRO Marine & Atmospher Res, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
   Boston Univ, Dept Geog & Environm, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
   Arizona State Univ, Sch Sustainabil, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
   Univ Bergen, Inst Geophys, N-5007 Bergen, Norway.
   Bjerknes Ctr Climate Res, Bergen, Norway.
   Uni Res, Uni Bjerknes Ctr, Bergen, Norway.
   Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
   CSIRO, AusCover Facil, TERN, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
   UN, Dept Forestry, Food & Agr Org, I-00153 Rome, Italy.
   Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
   Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
   Japan Aerosp Explorat Agcy JAXA, Tokyo, Japan.
   Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
   Thales Alenia Space, Toulouse, France.
   Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
   US Forest Serv, USDA, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA.
   Peking Univ, Dept Ecol, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
   European Space Agcy Harwell, ESA Climate Off, Didcot OX11 0QX, Oxon, England.
   Univ Sheffield, Ctr Terr Carbon Dynam, Sheffield S3 7RH, S Yorkshire, England.
   Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
   NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
   Natl Ecol Observ Network, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
   World Meteorol Org, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.
   NASA, Washington, DC 20546 USA.
   Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh EH9 3JN, Midlothian, Scotland.
   ESA ESRIN, Frascati, Italy.
C2 CNRS, FRANCE
   UNIV VRIJE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
   CMCC, ITALY
   CALTECH, USA
   UNIV MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA
   JRC, ITALY
   IIASA, AUSTRIA
   UNIV APPALACHIAN STATE, USA
   ETH ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
   ETH ZURICH, SWITZERLAND
   OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, USA
   ECMWF, UK
   UNIV VIENNA, AUSTRIA
   UNIV LIEGE, BELGIUM
   UNIV BREMEN, GERMANY
   NOAA, USA
   CSIRO, AUSTRALIA
   UNIV BOSTON, USA
   UNIV ARIZONA STATE, USA
   UNIV BERGEN, NORWAY
   BCCR, NORWAY
   UNI RES, NORWAY
   MAX PLANCK INST BIOGEOCHEM, GERMANY
   CSIRO, AUSTRALIA
   FAO, ITALY
   UNIV OREGON STATE, USA
   UNIV COLORADO, USA
   JAXA, JAPAN
   UNIV BOSTON, USA
   THALES, FRANCE
   UNIV COLORADO STATE, USA
   USDA, USA
   UNIV PEKING, CHINA
   ESA, UK
   UNIV SHEFFIELD, UK
   UNIV YALE, USA
   NOAA, USA
   NEON, USA
   WMO, SWITZERLAND
   NASA, USA
   UNIV EDINBURGH, UK
   ESA, ITALY
IN DOAJ
IF 3.978
TC 154
UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00293/40398/38913.pdf
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00293/40398/48214.pdf
LA English
DT Article
CR OISO 8
   OISO1
   OISO2
   OISO3-NIVMER98
   OISO4 (VT 46)
   OISO5 (VT 49)
   VT 105 / OISO 17
   VT 108 / OISO-18
   VT 114 / OISO-19
   VT 117 / OISO-20
   VT 120 / OISO-21
   VT 127 / OISO-22
   VT 136 / OISO-23
   VT 51 / OISO 6
   VT 57 / OISO 9
   VT 60 / CARAUS - OISO 10
   VT 62 / CARAUS - OISO 11
   VT 79 / OISO 12
   VT 80 / OISO 13
   VT 81 / OISO 14
   VT 85 / OISO 15
   VT 94 / OISO 16
BO Marion Dufresne
AB A globally integrated carbon observation and analysis system is needed to improve the fundamental understanding of the global carbon cycle, to improve our ability to project future changes, and to verify the effectiveness of policies aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and increase carbon sequestration. Building an integrated carbon observation system requires transformational advances from the existing sparse, exploratory framework towards a dense, robust, and sustained system in all components: anthropogenic emissions, the atmosphere, the ocean, and the terrestrial biosphere. The paper is addressed to scientists, policymakers, and funding agencies who need to have a global picture of the current state of the (diverse) carbon observations. We identify the current state of carbon observations, and the needs and notional requirements for a global integrated carbon observation system that can be built in the next decade. A key conclusion is the substantial expansion of the ground-based observation networks required to reach the high spatial resolution for CO2 and CH4 fluxes, and for carbon stocks for addressing policy-relevant objectives, and attributing flux changes to underlying processes in each region. In order to establish flux and stock diagnostics over areas such as the southern oceans, tropical forests, and the Arctic, in situ observations will have to be complemented with remote-sensing measurements. Remote sensing offers the advantage of dense spatial coverage and frequent revisit. A key challenge is to bring remote-sensing measurements to a level of long-term consistency and accuracy so that they can be efficiently combined in models to reduce uncertainties, in synergy with ground-based data. Bringing tight observational constraints on fossil fuel and land use change emissions will be the biggest challenge for deployment of a policy-relevant integrated carbon observation system. This will require in situ and remotely sensed data at much higher resolution and density than currently achieved for natural fluxes, although over a small land area (cities, industrial sites, power plants), as well as the inclusion of fossil fuel CO2 proxy measurements such as radiocarbon in CO2 and carbon-fuel combustion tracers. Additionally, a policy-relevant carbon monitoring system should also provide mechanisms for reconciling regional top-down (atmosphere-based) and bottom-up (surface-based) flux estimates across the range of spatial and temporal scales relevant to mitigation policies. In addition, uncertainties for each observation data-stream should be assessed. The success of the system will rely on long-term commitments to monitoring, on improved international collaboration to fill gaps in the current observations, on sustained efforts to improve access to the different data streams and make databases interoperable, and on the calibration of each component of the system to agreed-upon international scales.
PY 2014
SO Biogeosciences
SN 1726-4170
PU Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh
VL 11
IS 13
UT 000339265800009
BP 3547
EP 3602
DI 10.5194/bg-11-3547-2014
ID 40398
ER

EF