FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Mitochondria-targeted Triphenylamine Derivatives Activatable by Two-Photon Excitation for Triggering and Imaging Cell Apoptosis BT AF CHENNOUFI, Rahima BOUGHERARA, Houcine GAGEY-EILSTEIN, Nathalie DUMAT, Blaise HENRY, Etienne SUBRA, Frederic BURY-MONE, Stephanie MAHUTEAU-BETZER, Florence TAUC, Patrick TEULADE-FICHOU, Marie-Paule DEPREZ, Eric AS 1:1;2:1;3:1,3;4:2;5:1,4;6:1;7:1;8:2;9:1;10:2;11:1; FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;5:;6:;7:;8:;9:;10:;11:; C1 Univ Paris Saclay, ENS Cachan, IDA FR3242, LBPA,CNRS UMR8113, F-94235 Cachan, France. Ctr Univ Orsay, Inst Curie, Chem Modeling & Imaging Biol, UMR9187 U1196, F-91405 Orsay, France. Univ Paris 05, CNRS UMR8638, F-75006 Paris, France. CNRS, IFREMER, UBO, UMR6197, F-29280 Plouzane, France. C2 UNIV PARIS SACLAY, FRANCE UNIV PARIS 11, FRANCE UNIV PARIS 05, FRANCE CNRS, FRANCE UM BEEP-LM2E IN DOAJ IF 4.259 TC 56 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00320/43168/42726.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00320/43168/42727.pdf LA English DT Article DE ;Apoptosis;Small molecules AB Photodynamic therapy (PDT) leads to cell death by using a combination of a photosensitizer and an external light source for the production of lethal doses of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Since a major limitation of PDT is the poor penetration of UV-visible light in tissues, there is a strong need for organic compounds whose activation is compatible with near-infrared excitation. Triphenylamines (TPAs) are fluorescent compounds, recently shown to efficiently trigger cell death upon visible light irradiation (458 nm), however outside the so-called optical/therapeutic window. Here, we report that TPAs target cytosolic organelles of living cells, mainly mitochondria, triggering a fast apoptosis upon two-photon excitation, thanks to their large two-photon absorption cross-sections in the 760-860 nm range. Direct ROS imaging in the cell context upon multiphoton excitation of TPA and three-color flow cytometric analysis showing phosphatidylserine externalization indicate that TPA photoactivation is primarily related to the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway via ROS production, although significant differences in the time courses of cell death-related events were observed, depending on the compound. TPAs represent a new class of water-soluble organic photosensitizers compatible with direct two-photon excitation, enabling simultaneous multiphoton fluorescence imaging of cell death since a concomitant subcellular TPA re-distribution occurs in apoptotic cells. PY 2016 PD MAR SO Scientific Reports SN 2045-2322 PU Nature Publishing Group VL 6 IS 21458 UT 000371404200001 DI 10.1038/srep21458 ID 43168 ER EF