Phylogeography of the reef-building polychaetes of the genus Phragmatopoma in the western Atlantic Region

Type Article
Date 2017-07
Language English
Author(s) Nunes FlaviaORCID1, 2, Van Wormhoudt Alain3, 4, Faroni-Perez Larisse3, 5, Fournier Jerome3, 4
Affiliation(s) 1 : Univ Europeenne Bretagne UEB, Univ Brest UBO, Inst Univ Europeen Mer IUEM,LEMAR UMR 6539, CNRS,UBO,IRD,Ifremer,Lab Sci Environm Marin, Plouzane, France.
2 : Ifremer Ctr Bretagne, Lab Ecol Benth Cotiere LEBCO, DYNECO, F-29280 Plouzane, France.
3 : Museum Natl Hist Nat, Stn Biol Marine, Concarneau, France.
4 : Museum Natl Hist Nat, CNRS, UMR BOREA 7208, Paris, France.
5 : Univ Fed Santa Catarina, PPGECO, Dept Zool & Ecol, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
Source Journal Of Biogeography (0305-0270) (Wiley), 2017-07 , Vol. 44 , N. 7 , P. 1612-1625
DOI 10.1111/jbi.12938
WOS© Times Cited 17
Keyword(s) biogeographical barrier, Brazilian Province, Caribbean Province, connectivity, larval dispersal, Phragmatopoma caudata, phylogenetics, phylogeography, polychaete reef, western Atlantic Region
Abstract Aim

To verify the synonymy of the reef-building polychaete Phragmatopoma caudata (described for the Caribbean) and Phragmatopoma lapidosa (described for Brazil) using molecular data. To evaluate the patterns of genetic diversity and connectivity among populations from Florida to South Brazil.
Location

Intertidal zone in the western Atlantic biogeographical Region: Brazil, eastern Caribbean and Florida (USA).
Methods

DNA sequence data from one mitochondrial (cox-1) and one nuclear ribosomal (ITS-1) loci were obtained from 11 populations of P. caudata spanning the coasts of Brazil, eastern Caribbean and Florida. Phylogenetic relationships among populations of P. caudata and other members of the genus were inferred by Bayesian methods. Population differentiation was evaluated by Bayesian analysis of population structure (baps), AMOVA and pairwise φst. Demographic history was inferred by Bayesian skyline plots.
Results

Phylogenetic inference supported the interpretation of a single species of Phragmatopoma spanning the Brazilian and Caribbean Provinces of the western Atlantic Region. Little population structure was observed across the species distribution, with the exception of the Florida population. The baps analysis supported a 2-population model, with population differentiation being strong and significant between Florida and all other Atlantic populations for cox-1, and significant between Florida and most populations for ITS-1. Differences in genetic diversity were not significant between Caribbean and Brazilian populations, although several populations in Brazil had low values for diversity indices. Bayesian skyline plots indicate population expansion starting at c. 200 ka.
Main conclusions

Phragmatopoma caudata is able to maintain genetic connectivity across most of its geographical range, with population differentiation being observed only between Florida and all other localities, possibly due to ecological speciation in the transition zone between tropical and subtropical environments. Long-distance connectivity across much of the species range is likely the result of long-lived larvae that are tolerant to a wide range of environmental conditions.
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