A uniform, quality controlled Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT)

Type Article
Date 2013
Language English
Author(s) Pfeil B.1, 2, 3, Olsen A.1, 2, 4, 5, Bakker D. C. E.6, Hankin S.7, Koyuk H.8, Kozyr A.9, Malczyk J.10, Manke A.7, Metzl N.11, Sabine C. L.7, Akl J.12, 13, Alin S. R.7, Bates N.14, Bellerby R. G. J.2, 15, 16, Borges A.17, Boutin J.11, Brown P. J.6, 18, Cai W. -J.19, Chavez F. P.20, Chen A.21, Cosca C.7, Fassbender A. J.22, Feely R. A.7, Gonzalez-Davila M.23, Goyet C.24, Hales B.25, Hardman-Mountford N.26, 54, Heinze C.1, 2, 5, 16, Hood M.27, Hoppema M.28, Hunt C. W.29, Hydes D.30, Ishii M.31, Johannessen T.1, 2, Jones S. D.32, Key R. M.33, Koertzinger A.34, Landschuetzer P.6, Lauvset S. K.1, 2, Lefevre N.11, Lenton A.12, Lourantou A.11, Merlivat L.11, Midorikawa T.35, Mintrop L.36, Miyazaki C.37, Murata A.38, Nakadate A.39, Nakano Y.38, Nakaoka S.40, Nojiri Y.40, Omar A. M.5, 16, Padin X. A.41, Park G. -H.42, Paterson K.12, 13, Perez Fiz F41, Pierrot D.42, Poisson A.24, Rios A. F.41, Santana-Casiano J. M.23, Salisbury J.29, Sarma V. V. S. S.43, Schlitzer R.28, Schneider B.44, Schuster U.6, Sieger R.28, Skjelvan I.1, 2, 16, Steinhoff T.34, Suzuki T.45, Takahashi T.46, Tedesco K.47, 55, Telszewski M.48, 55, Thomas H.49, Tilbrook B.12, 13, 50, Tjiputra J.1, 2, Vandemark D.29, Veness T.12, 13, Wanninkhof R.51, Watson A. J.6, Weiss R.52, Wong C. S.53, Yoshikawa-Inoue H.38
Affiliation(s) 1 : Univ Bergen, Inst Geophys, Bergen, Norway.
2 : Bjerknes Ctr Climate Res, Bergen, Norway.
3 : Univ Bergen, PANGAEA Data Publisher Earth & Environm Sci, Bergen, Norway.
4 : Inst Marine Res, N-5024 Bergen, Norway.
5 : Uni Bjerknes Ctr, Bergen, Norway.
6 : Univ E Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.
7 : NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
8 : Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Oceans, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
9 : Carbon Dioxide Informat Anal Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
10 : Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Jetz Lab, New Haven, CT USA.
11 : Univ Paris 06, LOCEAN IPSL, Paris, France.
12 : CSIRO Wealth Oceans Flagship, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
13 : Ctr Australian Weather & Climate Res, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
14 : Bermuda Inst Ocean Sci, Ferry Reach, Bermuda.
15 : Norwegian Inst Water Res, Bergen, Norway.
16 : Uni Res AS, Bergen, Norway.
17 : Univ Liege, Inst Phys, Chem Oceanog Unit, Liege, Belgium.
18 : British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England.
19 : Univ Georgia, Dept Marine Sci, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
20 : Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA USA.
21 : Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Inst Marine Geol & Chem, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
22 : Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
23 : Univ Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Fac Ciencias Mar, Las Palmas Gran Canaria, Spain.
24 : Univ Perpignan, Inst Modelisat & Anal Geoenvironm & Sante, F-66025 Perpignan, France.
25 : Oregon State Univ, Coll Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
26 : CSIRO, Marine & Atmospher Res, Wembley, WA, Australia.
27 : UNESCO, Intergovt Oceanog Commiss, Paris, France.
28 : Alfred Wegener Inst Polar & Marine Res, Bremerhaven, Germany.
29 : Univ New Hampshire, Ocean Proc Anal Lab, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
30 : Natl Oceanog Ctr, Southampton, Hants, England.
31 : Japan Meteorol Agcy, Meteorol Res Inst, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
32 : Tyndall Ctr Climate Change Res, Norwich, Norfolk, England.
33 : Princeton Univ, Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
34 : Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res, GEOMAR, Kiel, Germany.
35 : Nagasaki Marine Observ, Nagasaki, Japan.
36 : MARIANDA, Kiel, Germany.
37 : Hokkaido Univ, Fac Environm Earth Sci, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060, Japan.
38 : Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan.
39 : Japan Meteorol Agcy, Global Environm & Marine Dept, Marine Div, Tokyo, Japan.
40 : Natl Inst Environm Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
41 : CSIC, Inst Invest Marinas Vigo, Vigo, Spain.
42 : Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
43 : Natl Inst Oceanog, Reg Ctr, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India.
44 : Leibnitz Res Inst Balt Sea Res, Warnemunde, Germany.
45 : Japan Hydrog Assoc, Marine Informat Res Ctr, Tokyo, Japan.
46 : Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY USA.
47 : IOCCP, Silver Spring, MD USA.
48 : Polish Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, IOCCP, Sopot, Poland.
49 : Dalhousie Univ, Dept Oceanog, Halifax, NS, Canada.
50 : Antarctic Climate & Ecosyst Cooperat Res Ctr, Hobart, Tas, Australia.
51 : Natl Atmospher & Oceanog Adm, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL USA.
52 : Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
53 : Inst Ocean Sci, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
54 : Plymouth Marine Lab, Plymouth, Devon, England.
55 : UNESCO, Intergovt Oceanog Commiss, IOCCP, Paris, France.
Source Earth System Science Data (1866-3508) (Copernicus Gesellschaft Mbh), 2013 , Vol. 5 , N. 1 , P. 125-143
DOI 10.5194/essd-5-125-2013
WOS© Times Cited 135
Abstract

A well-documented, publicly available, global data set of surface ocean carbon dioxide (CO2) parameters has been called for by international groups for nearly two decades. The Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) project was initiated by the international marine carbon science community in 2007 with the aim of providing a comprehensive, publicly available, regularly updated, global data set of marine surface CO2, which had been subject to quality control (QC). Many additional CO2 data, not yet made public via the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center (CDIAC), were retrieved from data originators, public websites and other data centres. All data were put in a uniform format following a strict protocol. Quality control was carried out according to clearly defined criteria. Regional specialists performed the quality control, using state-of-the-art web-based tools, specially developed for accomplishing this global team effort. SOCAT version 1.5 was made public in September 2011 and holds 6.3 million quality controlled surface CO2 data points from the global oceans and coastal seas, spanning four decades (1968-2007). Three types of data products are available: individual cruise files, a merged complete data set and gridded products. With the rapid expansion of marine CO2 data collection and the importance of quantifying net global oceanic CO2 uptake and its changes, sustained data synthesis and data access are priorities.
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Pfeil B., Olsen A., Bakker D. C. E., Hankin S., Koyuk H., Kozyr A., Malczyk J., Manke A., Metzl N., Sabine C. L., Akl J., Alin S. R., Bates N., Bellerby R. G. J., Borges A., Boutin J., Brown P. J., Cai W. -J., Chavez F. P., Chen A., Cosca C., Fassbender A. J., Feely R. A., Gonzalez-Davila M., Goyet C., Hales B., Hardman-Mountford N., Heinze C., Hood M., Hoppema M., Hunt C. W., Hydes D., Ishii M., Johannessen T., Jones S. D., Key R. M., Koertzinger A., Landschuetzer P., Lauvset S. K., Lefevre N., Lenton A., Lourantou A., Merlivat L., Midorikawa T., Mintrop L., Miyazaki C., Murata A., Nakadate A., Nakano Y., Nakaoka S., Nojiri Y., Omar A. M., Padin X. A., Park G. -H., Paterson K., Perez Fiz F, Pierrot D., Poisson A., Rios A. F., Santana-Casiano J. M., Salisbury J., Sarma V. V. S. S., Schlitzer R., Schneider B., Schuster U., Sieger R., Skjelvan I., Steinhoff T., Suzuki T., Takahashi T., Tedesco K., Telszewski M., Thomas H., Tilbrook B., Tjiputra J., Vandemark D., Veness T., Wanninkhof R., Watson A. J., Weiss R., Wong C. S., Yoshikawa-Inoue H. (2013). A uniform, quality controlled Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT). Earth System Science Data, 5(1), 125-143. Publisher's official version : https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-5-125-2013 , Open Access version : https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00383/49450/