TY - JOUR T1 - Deep and abyssal ocean warming from 35 years of repeat hydrography A1 - Desbruyeres,Damien A1 - Purkey,Sarah G. A1 - McDonagh,Elaine L. A1 - Johnson,Gregory C. A1 - King,Brian A. AD - Natl Oceanog Ctr, Southampton, Hants, England. AD - Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, New York, NY USA. AD - Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. AD - NOAA Pacific Marine Environm Lab, Seattle, WA USA. UR - https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00387/49814/ DO - 10.1002/2016GL070413 KW - repeat hydrography KW - ocean heat content KW - GO-SHIP N2 - Global and regional ocean warming deeper than 2000m is investigated using 35years of sustained repeat hydrographic survey data starting in 1981. The global long-term temperature trend below 2000m, representing the time period 1991-2010, is equivalent to a mean heat flux of 0.065 0.040Wm(-2) applied over the Earth's surface area. The strongest warming rates are found in the abyssal layer (4000-6000m), which contributes to one third of the total heat uptake with the largest contribution from the Southern and Pacific Oceans. A similar regional pattern is found in the deep layer (2000-4000m), which explains the remaining two thirds of the total heat uptake yet with larger uncertainties. The global average warming rate did not change within uncertainties pre-2000 versus post-2000, whereas ocean average warming rates decreased in the Pacific and Indian Oceans and increased in the Atlantic and Southern Oceans. Y1 - 2016/10 PB - Amer Geophysical Union JF - Geophysical Research Letters SN - 0094-8276 VL - 43 IS - 19 SP - 10356 EP - 10365 ID - 49814 ER -