FN Archimer Export Format
PT J
TI Ciguatoxicity of Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa species from the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico
BT 
AF LITAKER, R. Wayne
   HOLLAND, William C.
   HARDISON, D. Ransom
   PISAPIA, Francesco
   HESS, Philipp
   KIBLER, Steven R.
   TESTER, Patricia A.
AS 1:1;2:1;3:1;4:2;5:2;6:1;7:3;
FF 1:;2:;3:;4:PDG-ODE-DYNECO-PHYC;5:PDG-ODE-DYNECO-PHYC;6:;7:;
C1 Natl Ocean Serv, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Ctr Coastal Fisheries & Habitat Res, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
   Inst Francais Rech Exploitat Mer, Lab Phycotoxines, Nantes, France.
   Ocean Tester LLC, Beaufort, NC USA.
C2 NOAA, USA
   IFREMER, FRANCE
   OCEAN TESTER LLC, USA
SI NANTES
SE PDG-ODE-DYNECO-PHYC
IN WOS Ifremer jusqu'en 2018
   DOAJ
   copubli-int-hors-europe
IF 2.766
TC 92
UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00407/51839/52439.pdf
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00407/51839/52440.tif
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00407/51839/52441.pdf
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00407/51839/52442.pdf
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00407/51839/52443.pdf
LA English
DT Article
AB Dinoflagellate species belonging to the genera Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa produce ciguatoxins (CTXs), potent neurotoxins that concentrate in fish causing ciguatera fish poisoning (CFP) in humans. While the structures and toxicities of ciguatoxins isolated from fish in the Pacific and Caribbean are known, there are few data on the variation in toxicity between and among species of Gambierdiscus and Fukuyoa. Quantifying the differences in species-specific toxicity is especially important to developing an effective cell-based risk assessment strategy for CFP. This study analyzed the ciguatoxicity of 33 strains representing seven Gambierdiscus and one Fukuyoa species using a cell based Neuro-2a cytotoxicity assay. All strains were isolated from either the Caribbean or Gulf of Mexico. The average toxicity of each species was inversely proportional to growth rate, suggesting an evolutionary trade-off between an investment in growth versus the production of defensive compounds. While there is 2- to 27-fold variation in toxicity within species, there was a 1740-fold difference between the least and most toxic species. Consequently, production of CTX or CTX-like compounds is more dependent on the species present than on the random occurrence of high or low toxicity strains. Seven of the eight species tested (G. belizeanus, G. caribaeus, G. carolinianus, G. carpenteri, Gambierdiscus ribotype 2, G. silvae and F. ruetzleri) exhibited low toxicities, ranging from 0 to 24.5 fg CTX3C equivalents cell-1, relative to G. excentricus, which had a toxicity of 469 fg CTX3C eq. cell-1. Isolates of G. excentricus from other regions have shown similarly high toxicities. If the hypothesis that G. excentricus is the primary source of ciguatoxins in the Atlantic is confirmed, it should be possible to identify areas where CFP risk is greatest by monitoring only G. excentricus abundance using species-specific molecular assays. 
PY 2017
PD OCT
SO Plos One
SN 1932-6203
PU Public Library Science
VL 12
IS 10
UT 000413168100027
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0185776
ID 51839
ER

EF