FN Archimer Export Format
PT J
TI Large Scale Anthropogenic Reduction of Forest Cover in Last Glacial Maximum Europe
BT 
AF KAPLAN, Jed O.
   PFEIFFER, Mirjam
   KOLEN, Jan C. A.
   DAVIS, Basil A. S.
AS 1:1;2:2;3:3;4:1;
FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;
C1 Univ Lausanne, Inst Earth Surface Dynam, Geopolis, Lausanne, Switzerland.
   Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr BiK F, Frankfurt, Germany.
   Leiden Univ, Fac Archaeol, Leiden, Netherlands.
C2 UNIV LAU, SWITZERLAND
   SENCKENBERG BIK-F, GERMANY
   UNIV LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS
IF 2.806
TC 49
UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00421/53210/54911.pdf
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00421/53210/54912.pdf
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00421/53210/54913.pdf
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00421/53210/54914.pdf
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00421/53210/54915.pdf
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00421/53210/54916.pdf
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00421/53210/54917.pdf
LA English
DT Article
CR IMAGES 1-MD101
   MD 142 / ALIENOR 2
BO Marion Dufresne
AB Reconstructions of the vegetation of Europe during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) are an enigma. Pollen-based analyses have suggested that Europe was largely covered by steppe and tundra, and forests persisted only in small refugia. Climate-vegetation model simulations on the other hand have consistently suggested that broad areas of Europe would have been suitable for forest, even in the depths of the last glaciation. Here we reconcile models with data by demonstrating that the highly mobile groups of hunter-gatherers that inhabited Europe at the LGM could have substantially reduced forest cover through the ignition of wildfires. Similar to hunter-gatherers of the more recent past, Upper Paleolithic humans were masters of the use of fire, and preferred inhabiting semi-open landscapes to facilitate foraging, hunting and travel. Incorporating human agency into a dynamic vegetation-fire model and simulating forest cover shows that even small increases in wildfire frequency over natural background levels resulted in large changes in the forested area of Europe, in part because trees were already stressed by low atmospheric CO2 concentrations and the cold, dry, and highly variable climate. Our results suggest that the impact of humans on the glacial landscape of Europe may be one of the earliest large-scale anthropogenic modifications of the earth system. 
PY 2016
PD NOV
SO Plos One
SN 1932-6203
PU Public Library Science
VL 11
IS 11
UT 000389474100035
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0166726
ID 53210
ER

EF