FN Archimer Export Format
PT J
TI How human activities in commercial areas contribute to phthalate ester pollution in street dust of Taiwan
BT 
AF LEE, Sung-Tse
   LIN, Chitsan
   THANH VU, CHI
   CHEN, Yi-Cyuan
   CHEN, Kang-Shin
   VILLANUEVA, Ching-Maria
AS 1:1;2:2;3:3;4:2;5:1;6:4;
FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;5:;6:PDG-RBE-STH-LBH;
C1 Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ, Inst Environm Engn, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan.
   Natl Kaohsiung Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Marine Environm Engn, Kaohsiung 81157, Taiwan.
   Univ Alabama, Civil & Environm Engn Dept, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA.
   IFREMER, Lab Biol Halieut, STH, ZI Pointe du Diable BP 70, Plouzane, France.
C2 UNIV NATL YAT SEN NSYSU, TAIWAN
   UNIV NATL KAOHSIUNG, TAIWAN
   UNIV ALABAMA, USA
   IFREMER, FRANCE
SI BREST
SE PDG-RBE-STH-LBH
IN WOS Ifremer UPR
   copubli-int-hors-europe
IF 6.551
TC 20
UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00452/56346/57936.pdf
LA English
DT Article
DE ;Phthalate esters ( PAEs);Street dust;Night markets;Consumer exposure;Daily intakes;Commercial areas
AB Exposure to phthalate esters (PAEs) poses health risks to humans. Much research has been performed evaluating PAE levels in foodstuffs, river sediment and drinking water, but little attention has been paid to their presence in urban outdoor environments where human activities are highly intense. Here we evaluated PAE presence and distribution in street dust in Kaohsiung, the most industrialized city in Taiwan. Our results showed that PAEs were ubiquitous in fifty-two street-dust samples (levels of total PAEs 5.4–989.2 mg kg−1). Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate was the most abundant congener observed and made up 85.0%, 79.7%, and 97.2% of the total PAEs found in industrial, residential and commercial areas, respectively. PAE levels in street dust in commercial areas (night markets) were significantly higher, suggesting a higher risk of contamination on people present in these areas (H value > χU2). In residential and commercial areas, the higher the intensity of human activity, the higher the PAE content observed. PAE content decreased progressively from the center to the outskirts of the Houjing night market, suggesting that the increased human and consumer activities inside this commercial hotspot were the main PAE source in street dust. Children had higher estimated daily intakes (DIs) than adults and dermal absorption contributed more to these levels than oral ingestion. Although all calculated DIs were below referenced danger thresholds, street dust PAEs in the area should remain an environmental concern especially since night markets play an important role in Taiwanese/Asian culture and economy. Contrary to other studies, PAEs in this study were found less related to industrial manufacturing activities but highly linked to commercial activities. These findings are relevant for future pollution prevention efforts dedicated to mitigating public exposure to PAEs. Main findings PAE levels in street dust are related to commercial activities. Night markets, an important commercial activity in Taiwan, were found to contribute considerably to PAE contamination in street dust. 
PY 2019
PD JAN
SO Science Of The Total Environment
SN 0048-9697
PU Elsevier Science Bv
VL 647
UT 000447090400062
BP 619
EP 626
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.362
ID 56346
ER

EF