FN Archimer Export Format
PT J
TI Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation: Observed Transport and Variability
BT 
AF Frajka-Williams, Eleanor
   Ansorge, Isabelle J.
   Baehr, Johanna
   Bryden, Harry L.
   Chidichimo, Maria Paz
   Cunningham, Stuart A.
   Danabasoglu, Gokhan
   Dong, Shenfu
   Donohue, Kathleen A.
   Elipot, Shane
   Heimbach, Patrick
   Holliday, N. Penny
   Hummels, Rebecca
   Jackson, Laura C.
   Karstensen, Johannes
   Lankhorst, Matthias
   Le Bras, Isabela A.
   Lozier, M. Susan
   McDonagh, Elaine L.
   Meinen, Christopher S.
   Mercier, Herle
   Moat, Bengamin I.
   Perez, Renellys C
   Piecuch, Christopher G.
   Rhein, Monika
   Srokosz, Meric A.
   Trenberth, Kevin E.
   Bacon, Sheldon
   Forget, Gael
   Goni, Gustavo
   Kieke, Dagmar
   Koelling, Jannes
   Lamont, Tarron
   McCarthy, Gerard D.
   Mertens, Christian
   Send, Uwe
   Smeed, David A.
   Speich, Sabrina
   van den Berg, Marcel
   Volkov, Denis
   Wilson, Chris
AS 1:1;2:2;3:3;4:4;5:5;6:6;7:7;8:8;9:9;10:10;11:11;12:1;13:12;14:13;15:12;16:14;17:14;18:15;19:1;20:8;21:16;22:1;23:8;24:17;25:18;26:1;27:7;28:1;29:19;30:8;31:18;32:14;33:2,20;34:21;35:18;36:14;37:1;38:22;39:20;40:8;41:23;
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C1 National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom
   Department of Oceanography, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
   Institute of Oceanography, CEN, Universitat Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
   University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
   Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) and Servicio de Hidrografía Naval and UMI-IFAECI/CNRS, Buenos Aires, Argentina
   Scottish Association for Marine Science, Oban, Scotland
   National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, United States
   Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory, Miami, FL, United States
   University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, RI, United States
   Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
   Jackson School of Geosciences, Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
   GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany
   Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, United Kingdom
   Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States
   Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
   Laboratoire d'Oceanographie Physique et Spatiale, CNRS, Plouzané, France
   Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, United States
   Center for Marine Environmental Sciences MARUM, Institute for Environmental Physics IUP, Bremen University, Bremen, Germany
   Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States
   Department of Environmental Affairs, Cape Town, South Africa
   ICARUS, Department of Geography, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
   Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique, UMR 8539 Ecole Polytechnique, ENS, CNRS, Paris, France
   National Oceanography Centre, Liverpool, United Kingdom
C2 NOC, UK
   UNIV CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA
   UNIV HAMBURG, GERMANY
   UNIV SOUTHAMPTON, UK
   CONICET, ARGENTINA
   SAMS SCOTLAND, UK
   NCAR NATL CTR ATMOSPHER RES, USA
   NOAA, USA
   UNIV RHODE ISLAND, USA
   UNIV MIAMI, USA
   UNIV TEXAS AUSTIN, USA
   IFM GEOMAR, GERMANY
   MET OFFICE, UK
   UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, USA
   UNIV DUKE, USA
   CNRS, FRANCE
   WHOI, USA
   UNIV BREMEN MARUM, GERMANY
   MIT, USA
   DEPART ENVIRONM AFFAIRS, SOUTH AFRICA
   ICARUS, IRELAND
   ENS, FRANCE
   NOC, UK
UM LOPS
IN WOS Cotutelle UMR
   DOAJ
   copubli-france
   copubli-europe
   copubli-int-hors-europe
   copubli-sud
IF 5.247
TC 119
UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00503/61507/65342.pdf
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00503/61507/65343.pdf
LA English
DT Article
CR OVIDE
DE ;meridional overturning circulation;thermohaline circulation;observing systems;ocean heat transport;carbon storage;moorings;circulation variability
AB The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) extends from the Southern Ocean to the northern North Atlantic, transporting heat northwards throughout the South and North Atlantic, and sinking carbon and nutrients into the deep ocean. Climate models indicate that changes to the AMOC both herald and drive climate shifts. Intensive trans-basin AMOC observational systems have been put in place to continuously monitor meridional volume transport variability, and in some cases, heat, freshwater and carbon transport. These observational programs have been used to diagnose the magnitude and origins of transport variability, and to investigate impacts of variability on essential climate variables such as sea surface temperature, ocean heat content and coastal sea level. AMOC observing approaches vary between the different systems, ranging from trans-basin arrays (OSNAP, RAPID 26°N, 11°S, SAMBA 34.5°S) to arrays concentrating on western boundaries (e.g., RAPID WAVE, MOVE 16°N). In this paper, we outline the different approaches (aims, strengths and limitations) and summarize the key results to date. We also discuss alternate approaches for capturing AMOC variability including direct estimates (e.g., using sea level, bottom pressure, and hydrography from autonomous profiling floats), indirect estimates applying budgetary approaches, state estimates or ocean reanalyses, and proxies. Based on the existing observations and their results, and the potential of new observational and formal synthesis approaches, we make suggestions as to how to evaluate a comprehensive, future-proof observational network of the AMOC to deepen our understanding of the AMOC and its role in global climate. 
PY 2019
PD JUL
SO Frontiers In Marine Science
SN 2296-7745
PU Frontiers Media SA
VL 6
IS 260
UT 000470790900001
DI 10.3389/fmars.2019.00260
ID 61507
ER

EF