TY - JOUR T1 - The Sea of Marmara during Marine Isotope Stages 5 and 6 A1 - Çağatay,M. Namık A1 - Eriş,K. Kadir A1 - Makaroğlu,Özlem A1 - Yakupoğlu,Nurettin A1 - Henry,Pierre A1 - Leroy,Suzanne A.G. A1 - Uçarkuş,Gülsen A1 - Sakınç,Mehmet A1 - Yalamaz,Burak A1 - Bozyiğit,Cerennaz A1 - Kende,Julia AD - İstanbul Technical University, EMCOL Research Centre and Dept. Geological Engineering, Ayazağa, 34469, İstanbul, Turkey AD - İstanbul-Cerrahpaşa University, Department of Geophysical Engineering, Avcılar, İstanbul, Turkey AD - CEREGE (UMR7330), Aix-Marseille University, CNRS-IRD, 13330, Marseille 7, France AD - Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, Minist. Culture, LAMPEA, UMR 7269, 5 Rue du Château de l'Horloge, 13094, Aix-en-Provence, France UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.07.031 DO - 10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.07.031 KW - Sea of Marmara KW - Late quaternary KW - Marine isotope stages 5-6 KW - Eastern Europe KW - Paleoceanography KW - Sedimentology-marine cores KW - Geochemical proxies KW - Sapropels N2 - Multi-proxy analyses and lithology of two cores, MRS-CS18 and MRS-CS27, from the İmralı Basin of the Sea of Marmara (SoM) provide novel information on environmental conditions, relative sea level, and sill depths of the straits of Bosporus and Dardanelles during the Marine Isotope Stages (MIS) 5 and 6. The fossil and multi-proxy geochemical records show that lacustrine conditions prevailed in the SoM during most of MIS 6, from 171 to 134 ka BP, and that the transition to marine conditions during Termination II took place at ∼134.06 ± 1.10 ka BP. MIS 5 interstadials a, c, and e witnessed the formation of three sapropels (MSAP-2, MSAP-3 and MSAP-4) under suboxic to anoxic marine conditions, whereas during stadials MIS 5b (∼94–86) and MIS 5d (∼112–105 ka BP), lacustrine and marine conditions with deposition of sediments having relatively low TOC contents (<2%) prevailed, respectively. Consideration of the global sea level, together with the timing of the marine reconnection of the SoM during Termination II and persistence of the marine conditions during MIS 5, except for MIS 5b and later part of MIS 5a, suggests that the Dardanelles sill depth was at ∼ -75 ± 5 m during the reconnection at Termination II and at −55 ± 5 m during most of MIS 5. On similar considerations of the Black Sea marine reconnections and disruptions during the MIS 5, a sill depth of −35 to −40 m (similar to the present day depth) is indicated for the Bosporus Strait. The SoM geochemical proxy records correlate well with the regional terrestrial and marine records and the NGRIP oxygen isotope record with its Stadial and Interstadial phases, showing the common effect of the North Atlantic climatic events triggered by the perturbations in the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. However, the amplitude of the oscillations recorded in the SoM during MIS 6 (Penultimate Glacial Period) is relatively small compared to the MIS 4 to MIS 2 (Last Glacial Period). Y1 - 2019/09 PB - Elsevier BV JF - Quaternary Science Reviews SN - 0277-3791 VL - 220 SP - 124 EP - 141 ID - 62030 ER -