FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Advancing Observation of Ocean Biogeochemistry, Biology, and Ecosystems With Cost-Effective in situ Sensing Technologies BT AF WANG, Zhaohui Aleck MOUSTAHFID, Hassan MUELLER, Amy V. MICHEL, Anna PM MOWLEM, Matthew GLAZER, Brian T. MOONEY, T. Aran MICHAELS, William MCQUILLAN, Jonathan S. ROBIDART, Julie C. CHURCHILL, James SOURISSEAU, Marc DANIEL, Anne SCHAAP, Allison MONK, Sam FRIEDMAN, Kim BREHMER, Patrice AS 1:1;2:2;3:3;4:1;5:4;6:5;7:1;8:6;9:4;10:4;11:1;12:7;13:7;14:4;15:4;16:8;17:9; FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;5:;6:;7:;8:;9:;10:;11:;12:PDG-ODE-DYNECO-PELAGOS;13:PDG-ODE-DYNECO-PELAGOS;14:;15:;16:;17:; C1 Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. NOAA, US Integrated Ocean Observing Syst, Silver Spring, MD USA. Northeastern Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Natl Oceanog Ctr, Southampton, Hants, England. Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Oceanog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. NOAA, Silver Spring, MD USA. Ifremer, Plouzane, France. UN, FAO, Rome, Italy. Univ Brest, IRD, CNRS, Ifremer,IUEM LEMAR, Plouzane, France. C2 WHOI, USA NOAA, USA UNIV NORTHEASTERN, USA NOC, UK UNIV HAWAII MANOA, USA NOAA, USA IFREMER, FRANCE FAO, ITALY UBO, FRANCE SI BREST SE PDG-ODE-DYNECO-PELAGOS UM LEMAR IN WOS Ifremer UPR WOS Cotutelle UMR DOAJ copubli-france copubli-europe copubli-univ-france copubli-int-hors-europe IF 5.247 TC 41 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00514/62567/66921.pdf LA English DT Article DE ;in situ;sensor;OceanObs;ocean technology;EOVs;biogeochemistry;biology;cost effective AB Advancing our understanding of ocean biogeochemistry, biology, and ecosystems relies on the ability to make observations both in the ocean and at the critical boundaries between the ocean and other earth systems at relevant spatial and temporal scales. After decades of advancement in ocean observing technologies, one of the key remaining challenges is how to cost-effectively make measurements at the increased resolution necessary for illuminating complex system processes and rapidly evolving changes. In recent years, biogeochemical in situ sensors have been emerging that are threefold or more lower in cost than established technologies; the cost reduction for many biological in situ sensors has also been significant, although the absolute costs are still relatively high. Cost savings in these advancements has been driven by miniaturization, new methods of packaging, and lower-cost mass-produced components such as electronics and materials. Recently, field projects have demonstrated the potential for science-quality data collection via large-scale deployments using cost-effective sensors and deployment strategies. In the coming decade, it is envisioned that ocean biogeochemistry and biology observations will be revolutionized by continued innovation in sensors with increasingly low price points and the scale-up of deployments of these in situ sensor technologies. The goal of this study is therefore to: (1) provide a review of existing sensor technologies that are already achieving cost-effectiveness compared with traditional instrumentation, (2) present case studies of cost-effective in situ deployments that can provide insight into methods for bridging observational gaps, (3) identify key challenge areas where progress in cost reduction is lagging, and (4) present a number of potentially transformative directions for future ocean biogeochemical and biological studies using cost-effective technologies and deployment strategies. PY 2019 PD SEP SO Frontiers In Marine Science SN 2296-7745 PU Frontiers Media Sa VL 6 IS 519 UT 000485256000001 DI 10.3389/fmars.2019.00519 ID 62567 ER EF