FN Archimer Export Format
PT J
TI Submarine platform development by erosion of a Surtseyan cone at Capelinhos, Faial Island, Azores
BT 
AF Zhao, Zhongwei
   Mitchell, Neil C.
   Quartau, Rui
   Tempera, Fernando
   Bricheno, Lucy
AS 1:1;2:1;3:2,3;4:4,5;5:6;
FF 1:;2:;3:;4:PDG-ODE-DYNECO-LEBCO;5:;
C1 Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Manchester Williamson Building, Oxford Road Manchester M13 9PL, UK
   Instituto Hidrográfico, Divisão de Geologia Marinha Lisboa ,Portugal
   Instituto Dom Luiz, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa Lisboa ,Portugal
   Centro do IMAR da Universidade dos Açores, MARE – Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre Rua Prof. Dr. Frederico Machado 4 9901‐862 Horta Açores ,Portugal
   IFREMER, Centre de Bretagne, DYNECO‐LEBCO CS 10070 29280 Plouzané, France
   National Oceanography Centre Joseph Proudman Building, 6 Brownlow Street Liverpool L3 5DA, UK
C2 UNIV MANCHESTER, UK
   INST HIDROGRAFICO, PORTUGAL
   UNIV LISBON, PORTUGAL
   UNIV AZORES, PORTUGAL
   IFREMER, FRANCE
   NOC, UK
SE PDG-ODE-DYNECO-LEBCO
IN WOS Ifremer UPR
   copubli-europe
IF 3.694
TC 15
UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00590/70196/70234.pdf
LA English
DT Article
CR FAIVI 1
   FAIVI IOZOC
BO Haliotis
   L'Atalante
DE ;submarine platform;coastal erosion;Surtseyan eruption;wave attenuation;Azores
AB Erosion of volcanic islands ultimately creates shallow banks and guyots, but the ways in which erosion proceeds to create them over time and how the coastline retreat rate relates to wave conditions, rock mass strength and other factors are unclear. The Capelinhos volcano was formed in 1957/58 during a Surtseyan and partly effusive eruption that added an ~2.5 km2 tephra and lava promontory to the western end of Faial Island (Azores, central North Atlantic). Subsequent coastal and submarine erosion has reduced the subaerial area of the promontory and created a submarine platform. This study uses historical information, photos and marine geophysical data collected around the promontory to characterize how the submarine platform developed following the eruption. Historical coastline positions are supplemented with coastlines interpreted from 2004 and 2014 Google Earth images in order to work out the progression of coastline retreat rate and retreat distance for lava‐ and tephra‐dominated cliffs. Data from swath mapping sonars are used to characterize the submarine geometry of the resulting platform (position of the platform edge, gradient and morphology of the platform surface). Photographs collected during SCUBA and ROV dives on the submarine platform reveal a rugged surface now covered with boulders. The results show that coastal retreat rates decreased rapidly with time after the eruption and approximately follow an inverse power‐law relationship with coastal retreat distance. We develop a finite‐difference model for wave attenuation over dipping surfaces to predict how increasing wave attenuation contributed to this trend. The model is verified by reproducing the wave height variation over dipping rock platforms in the UK (platform gradient 1.2° to 1.8°) and Ireland (1.8°). Applying the model to the dipping platform around Capelinhos, using a diversity of cliff resistance predicted from known lithologies, we are able to predict erosion rate trends for some sectors of the edifice. We also explore wider implications of these results, such as how erosion creates shallow banks and guyots in reef‐less mid‐oceanic archipelagos like the Azores. 
PY 2019
PD DEC
SO Earth Surface Processes And Landforms
SN 0197-9337
PU Wiley
VL 44
IS 15
UT 000485533100001
BP 2982
EP 3006
DI 10.1002/esp.4724
ID 70196
ER

EF