TY - JOUR T1 - The FluxEngine air–sea gas flux toolbox: simplified interface and extensions for in situ analyses and multiple sparingly soluble gases A1 - Holding,Thomas A1 - Ashton,Ian A1 - Shutler,Jamie D. A1 - Land,Peter E. A1 - Nightingale,Philip D. A1 - Rees,Andrew P. A1 - Brown,Ian A1 - Piolle,Jean-Francois A1 - Kock,Annette A1 - Bange,Hermann W. A1 - Woolf,David K. A1 - Goddijn-Murphy,Lonneke A1 - Pereira,Ryan A1 - Paul,Frederic A1 - Girard-Ardhuin,Fanny A1 - Chapron,Bertrand A1 - Rehder,Gregor A1 - Ardhuin,Fabrice A1 - Donlon,Craig J. AD - University of Exeter, Penryn Campus, Cornwall, TR10 9EZ, UK AD - Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth, PL1 3DH, UK AD - Ifremer, Univ. Brest, CNRS, IRD, Laboratoire d'Oceanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), IUEM, Brest, France AD - GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Marine Biogeochemistry Research Division, 24105 Kiel, Germany AD - International Centre for Island Technology, Heriot-Watt University, Stromness, Orkney, KW16 3AW, UK AD - Environmental Research Institute, University of the Highlands and Islands, Thurso, KW14 7EE, UK AD - The Lyell Centre, Heriot-Watt University, Research Avenue South, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK AD - Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde, 18119 Rostock, Germany AD - European Space Agency, Noordwijk, the Netherlands AD - Ifremer, Univ. Brest, CNRS, IRD, Laboratoire d'Oceanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), IUEM, Brest, France UR - https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00598/70983/ DO - 10.5194/os-15-1707-2019 N2 - The flow (flux) of climate-critical gases, such as carbon dioxide (CO2), between the ocean and the atmosphere is a fundamental component of our climate and an important driver of the biogeochemical systems within the oceans. Therefore, the accurate calculation of these air–sea gas fluxes is critical if we are to monitor the oceans and assess the impact that these gases are having on Earth's climate and ecosystems. FluxEngine is an open-source software toolbox that allows users to easily perform calculations of air–sea gas fluxes from model, in situ, and Earth observation data. The original development and verification of the toolbox was described in a previous publication. The toolbox has now been considerably updated to allow for its use as a Python library, to enable simplified installation, to ensure verification of its installation, to enable the handling of multiple sparingly soluble gases, and to enable the greatly expanded functionality for supporting in situ dataset analyses. This new functionality for supporting in situ analyses includes user-defined grids, time periods and projections, the ability to reanalyse in situ CO2 data to a common temperature dataset, and the ability to easily calculate gas fluxes using in situ data from drifting buoys, fixed moorings, and research cruises. Here we describe these new capabilities and demonstrate their application through illustrative case studies. The first case study demonstrates the workflow for accurately calculating CO2 fluxes using in situ data from four research cruises from the Surface Ocean CO2 ATlas (SOCAT) database. The second case study calculates air–sea CO2 fluxes using in situ data from a fixed monitoring station in the Baltic Sea. The third case study focuses on nitrous oxide (N2O) and, through a user-defined gas transfer parameterisation, identifies that biological surfactants in the North Atlantic could suppress individual N2O sea–air gas fluxes by up to 13 %. The fourth and final case study illustrates how a dissipation-based gas transfer parameterisation can be implemented and used. The updated version of the toolbox (version 3) and all documentation is now freely available. Y1 - 2019/12 PB - Copernicus GmbH JF - Ocean Science SN - 1812-0784 VL - 15 IS - 6 SP - 1707 EP - 1728 ID - 70983 ER -