TY - JOUR T1 - Characterization of the air–sea exchange mechanisms during a Mediterranean heavy precipitation event using realistic sea state modelling A1 - Sauvage,César A1 - Lebeaupin Brossier,Cindy A1 - Bouin,Marie-Noëlle A1 - Ducrocq,Véronique AD - CNRM, Université de Toulouse, Météo-France/CNRS, Toulouse, France AD - CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, UBO/Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), UMR 6523, IUEM, Plouzané, France UR - https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00609/72112/ DO - 10.5194/acp-20-1675-2020 N2 - This study investigates the mechanisms acting at the air–sea interface during a heavy precipitation event that occurred between 12 and 14 October 2016 over the north-western Mediterranean area and led to large amounts of rainfall (up to 300 mm in 24 h) over the Hérault region (southern France). The study case was characterized by a very strong (>20 m s−1) easterly to south-easterly wind at low level that generated very rough seas (significant wave height of up to 6 m) along the French Riviera and the Gulf of Lion. In order to investigate the role of the waves on air–sea exchanges during such extreme events, a set of numerical experiments was designed using the Météo-France kilometre-scale AROME-France numerical weather prediction model – including the WASP (Wave-Age-dependant Stress Parametrization) sea surface turbulent flux parametrization – and the WaveWatch III wave model. Results from these sensitivity experiments in the forced or coupled modes showed that taking the waves generated by the model into account increases the surface roughness. Thus, the increase in the momentum flux induces a slowdown of the easterly low-level atmospheric flow and a displacement of the convergence line at sea. Despite strong winds and a young sea below the easterly flow, the turbulent heat fluxes upstream of the precipitating system are not significantly modified. The forecast of the heaviest precipitation is finally modified when the sea state is taken into account; notably, in terms of location, this modification is slightly larger in the forced mode than in the coupled mode, as the coupling interactively balances the wind sea, the stress and the wind. Y1 - 2020/02 PB - Copernicus GmbH JF - Atmospheric Chemistry And Physics SN - 1680-7316 VL - 20 IS - 3 SP - 1675 EP - 1699 ID - 72112 ER -