FN Archimer Export Format
PT J
TI Fatty acid ester metabolites of gymnodimine in shellfish collected from China and in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) exposed to Karenia selliformis
BT 
AF Ji, Ying
   Che, Yijia
   Wright, Elliott J.
   McCarron, Pearse
   Hess, Philipp
   Li, Aifeng
AS 1:1,2;2:1,2;3:3;4:3;5:4;6:1,2;
FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;5:PDG-ODE-DYNECO-PHYC;6:;
C1 College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266100, China
   Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ocean University of China, Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, China
   Biotoxin Metrology, National Research Council Canada, 1411 Oxford Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3Z1, Canada
   Ifremer, Phycotoxins Laboratory, Nantes, France
C2 UNIV OCEAN CHINA, CHINA
   UNIV OCEAN CHINA, CHINA
   NATL RES COUNCIL CANADA, CANADA
   IFREMER, FRANCE
SI NANTES
SE PDG-ODE-DYNECO-PHYC
IN WOS Ifremer UPR
   copubli-int-hors-europe
   copubli-sud
IF 4.273
TC 13
UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00609/72153/73203.pdf
LA English
DT Article
DE ;Gymnodimines (GYM);Fatty acid ester;Karenia selliformis;Toxin profiles;Antioxidant enzymes
AB Marine shellfish exposed to the microalgae Karenia selliformis can accumulate gymnodimines (GYM). Shellfish samples collected from Beihai City in Guangxi Autonomous Region, and Ningde City in Fujian Province, in the South China Sea, as well as mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis fed on K. selliformis under laboratory conditions were analyzed. Gymnodimines and various fatty acid ester metabolites were detected in the clam Antigona lamellaris and pen shell Atrina pectinata, while no esters were found in the oyster Crassostrea sp. and the gastropod Batillaria zonalis despite positive detection of free GYM in both species. When present, the predominant acyl esters observed were 18:0-GYM-A and 20:1-GYM-A. Under laboratory conditions GYM-A was accumulated and metabolized to fatty acid esters in mussels exposed to K. selliformis, with 16:0-GYM-A and 20:1-GYM-A as the major variants. A novel compound with the same accurate mass as GYM-A and its 16:0 fatty acid ester were observed in the experimental mussels but was not present in the microalgal strain to which mussels were exposed. No significant differences of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and antioxidant enzymes were found between mussels fed on K. selliformis or GYM-free microalgae Isochrysis galbana. This suggests the accumulation of GYM and its metabolites does not significantly impact the physiological status of mussels. While it is currently not proven that GYM affects human health, risk assessments should consider the presence of GYM esters in naturally contaminated shellfish as part of exposure analysis. 
PY 2020
PD FEB
SO Harmful Algae
SN 1568-9883
PU Elsevier BV
VL 92
UT 000519335700016
DI 10.1016/j.hal.2020.101774
ID 72153
ER

EF