FN Archimer Export Format
PT J
TI Inverse Estuaries in West Africa: Evidence of the Rainfall Recovery?
BT 
AF Descroix, Luc
   Sané, Yancouba
   Thior, Mamadou
   Manga, Sylvie-Paméla
   Ba, Boubacar Demba
   Mingou, Joseph
   Mendy, Victor
   Coly, Saloum
   Dièye, Arame
   Badiane, Alexandre
   Senghor, Marie-Jeanne
   Diedhiou, Ange-Bouramanding
   Sow, Djiby
   Bouaita, Yasmin
   Soumaré, Safietou
   Diop, Awa
   Faty, Bakary
   Sow, Bamol Ali
   Machu, Eric
   Montoroi, Jean-Pierre
   Andrieu, Julien
   Vandervaere, Jean-Pierre
AS 1:1,2;2:2,3;3:2,3;4:2,3,4;5:2,3;6:2,3;7:3,5;8:3,5;9:2,3;10:1,2,3;11:2;12:2;13:2,3;14:2;15:2,6,7;16:2,8;17:9;18:3,5;19:5,10;20:11;21:2,7;22:12;
FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;5:;6:;7:;8:;9:;10:;11:;12:;13:;14:;15:;16:;17:;18:;19:;20:;21:;22:;
C1 IRD UMR PALOC MNHN/IRD/Sorbonne-Université, 75231 Paris, France
   LMI PATEO, UGB, BP 234, Saint Louis 32002, Senegal
   UASZ Université Assane Seck de Ziguinchor, Ziguinchor BP 523, Senegal
   Université de Lorraine, UFR des Sciences Humaines et Sociales, 54015 Nancy, France
   LMI ECLAIRS, UASZ, ENS, Dakar BP 5036, Senegal
   LaSTEE, Ecole Polytechnique de Thiès, Thiès DPA 10, Senegal
   ESPACE Lab, Université Côte d’Azur, UFR Espaces & Cultures Campus, 06204 Nice, France
   Université Versailles St Quentin en Yvelines, UFR Sciences Sociales, 78280 Guyancourt, France
   DGPRE, Direction de la Gestion et la Planification des Ressources en Eau, Section 2, Diamniadio 20000, Senegal
   IRD/Laboratoire d’Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), IUEM, Univ. Brest, CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, 29280 Plouzané, France
   IRD/IEES, Institut d’Ecologie et des Sciences de l’Environnement, 93143 Bondy, France
   IGE/Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut des Géosciences et Environnement, 38058 Grenoble, France
C2 IRD, FRANCE
   UNIV GASTON BERGER ST LOUIS, SENEGAL
   UNIV ASSANE SECK ZIGUINCHOR (UASZ), SENEGAL
   UNIV LORRAINE, FRANCE
   ENS, SENEGAL
   ECOLE POLYTECH THIES, SENEGAL
   UNIV NICE, FRANCE
   UNIV VERSAILLES ST QUENTIN EN YVELINES, FRANCE
   DGPRE, SENEGAL
   IRD, FRANCE
   IRD, FRANCE
   UNIV GRENOBLE ALPES, FRANCE
UM LOPS
IN WOS Cotutelle UMR
   DOAJ
   copubli-france
   copubli-univ-france
   copubli-int-hors-europe
   copubli-sud
IF 0.97
TC 18
UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00612/72434/71381.pdf
LA English
DT Article
DE ;water salinity;inverse estuaries;West Africa;drought;mangrove
AB In West Africa, as in many other estuaries, enormous volumes of marine water are entering the continent. Fresh water discharge is very low, and it is commonly strongly linked to rainfall level. Some of these estuaries are inverse estuaries. During the Great Sahelian Drought (1968–1993), their hyperhaline feature was exacerbated. This paper aims to describe the evolution of the two main West African inverse estuaries, those of the Saloum River and the Casamance River, since the end of the drought. Water salinity measurements were carried out over three to five years according to the sites in order to document this evolution and to compare data with the historical ones collected during the long dry period at the end of 20th century. The results show that in both estuaries, the mean water salinity values have markedly decreased since the end of the drought. However, the Saloum estuary remains a totally inverse estuary, while for the Casamance River, the estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) is the location of the salinity maximum, and it moves according to the seasons from a location 1–10 km downwards from the upstream estuary entry, during the dry season, to a location 40–70 km downwards from this point, during the rainy season. These observations fit with the functioning of the mangrove, the West African mangrove being among the few in the world that are markedly increasing since the beginning of the 1990s and the end of the dry period, as mangrove growth is favored by the relative salinity reduction. Finally, one of the inverse estuary behavior factors is the low fresh water incoming from the continent. The small area of the Casamance and Saloum basins (20,150 and 26,500 km² respectively) is to be compared with the basins of their two main neighbor basins, the Gambia River and the Senegal River, which provide significant fresh water discharge to their estuary. 
PY 2020
PD MAR
SO Water
SN 2073-4441
PU MDPI AG
VL 12
IS 3
UT 000529249500032
DI 10.3390/w12030647
ID 72434
ER

EF