FN Archimer Export Format
PT J
TI A recent decline in North Atlantic subtropical mode water formation
BT 
AF Stevens, Samuel W.
   Johnson, Rodney J.
   Maze, Guillaume
   Bates, Nicholas R.
AS 1:1,2;2:2;3:3;4:2,4;
FF 1:;2:;3:PDG-ODE-LOPS-OH;4:;
C1 Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
   Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences, St. George’s, Bermuda
   Ifremer, University of Brest, CNRS, IRD, Laboratoire d’Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), IFREMER, Brest, France
   Ocean and Earth Science Department, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
C2 UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA, CANADA
   BIOS, BERMUDA
   IFREMER, FRANCE
   UNIV SOUTHAMPTON, UK
SI BREST
SE PDG-ODE-LOPS-OH
UM LOPS
IN WOS Ifremer UMR
   copubli-europe
   copubli-int-hors-europe
IF 14.47
TC 20
UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00618/72973/72146.pdf
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00618/72973/77554.pdf
LA English
DT Article
AB As a manifestation of mixing dynamics in the upper ocean, interannual and decadal variability of subtropical mode water (STMW) properties in the North Atlantic Ocean provides a valuable insight into ocean–atmosphere interaction in a changing climate. Here, we use hydrographic data from the Bermuda Atlantic Time-Series Study and Hydrostation S sites near Bermuda, as well as various ocean reanalysis products, to evaluate the modern variability of STMW properties. Our study finds an 86–93% loss of STMW thickness at these sites between 2010 and 2018 and a comparable loss throughout the western subtropical gyre, culminating in the weakest STMW pentad on record. We correlate this decline with a reduction in the annual outcropping volume and northward excursions of the formation region, suggesting a gyre-wide signal of weakening STMW generation. The outcropping volume of STMW is anti-correlated with surface ocean heat content, foreshadowing future STMW loss in the face of continued warming. 
PY 2020
PD APR
SO Nature Climate Change
SN 1758-678X
PU Springer Science and Business Media LLC
VL 10
IS 4
UT 000521527600003
DI 10.1038/s41558-020-0722-3
ID 72973
ER

EF