FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Oyster hemolymph is a complex and dynamic ecosystem hosting bacteria, protists and viruses BT AF Dupont, Samuel Lokmer, A. Corre, E. Auguet, Jean-Christophe Petton, Bruno Toulza, E. Montagnani, Caroline Tanguy, G. Pecqueur, D. Salmeron, C. Guillou, L. Desnues, C. La Scola, B. Bou Khalil, J. de Lorgeril, Julien Mitta, Guillaume Gueguen, Yannick Escoubas, Jean Michel AS 1:1;2:2;3:3;4:4;5:5;6:13;7:1;8:6;9:7;10:7;11:8;12:9,10;13:11,12;14:12;15:1;16:13;17:1;18:14; FF 1:PDG-RBE-IHPE;2:;3:;4:;5:PDG-RBE-PFOM-LPI;6:;7:PDG-RBE-IHPE;8:;9:;10:;11:;12:;13:;14:;15:PDG-RBE-IHPE;16:;17:PDG-RBE-IHPE;18:; C1 IHPE, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Univ. Montpellier, Univ. Perpignan Via Domitia, 34095, Montpellier, France Coastal Ecology, Wadden Sea Station Sylt, Alfred Wegener Institute - Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, List auf Sylt, Germany Sorbonne Université, CNRS, FR2424 ABiMS (Analysis and Bioanalysis for Marine Sciences), Station Biologique de Roscoff SBR, 29680, Roscoff, France MARBEC, Université Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, CC093, place Eugène Bataillon, 34095, Montpellier, France Ifremer, LEMAR UMR 6539, 11 presqu’île du Vivier, 29840, Argenton-en-Landunvez, France Sorbonne Université, CNRS, FR2424, Genomer, Station Biologique de Roscoff SBR, 29680, Roscoff, France Observatoire Océanologique de Banyuls sur Mer, FR 3724, BioPIC, CNRS/SU, Avenue Pierre Fabre, 66650, Banyuls-sur-Mer, France Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR7144 Adaptation et Diversité en Milieu Marin, Ecology of Marine Plankton (ECOMAP), Station Biologique de Roscoff SBR, 29680, Roscoff, France Aix-Marseille Université, IRD 257, Assistance-Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, UMR Microbes, Evolution, Phylogeny and Infections (MEPHI), IHU Méditerranée Infection, 13005, Marseille, France Aix-Marseille Université, Université de Toulon, CNRS, IRD, Mediterranean Institute of Oceanography, UM 110, 13288, Marseille, France Microbes, Evolution, Phylogeny and Infection (MEΦI), Aix-Marseille Université UM63, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement IRD 198, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Marseille, France Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) - Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France IHPE, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Univ. Montpellier, Univ. Perpignan Via Domitia, 34095, Montpellier, France IHPE, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, Univ. Montpellier, Univ. Perpignan Via Domitia, 34095, Montpellier, France C2 IFREMER, FRANCE INST A WEGENER, GERMANY UNIV SORBONNE, FRANCE CNRS, FRANCE IFREMER, FRANCE UNIV SORBONNE, FRANCE CNRS, FRANCE UNIV SORBONNE, FRANCE UNIV AIX MARSEILLE, FRANCE UNIV AIX MARSEILLE, FRANCE UNIV AIX MARSEILLE, FRANCE INST HOSP UNIV (IHU), FRANCE UNIV PERPIGNAN, FRANCE CNRS, FRANCE SI MONTPELLIER ARGENTON SE PDG-RBE-IHPE PDG-RBE-PFOM-LPI UM LEMAR MARBEC IHPE IN WOS Ifremer UMR WOS Cotutelle UMR DOAJ copubli-france copubli-europe copubli-univ-france TC 20 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00627/73916/73254.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00627/73916/73258.xlsx https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00627/73916/73259.xlsx https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00627/73916/73260.xlsx https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00627/73916/73261.xlsx https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00627/73916/73262.pptx https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00627/73916/73263.xlsx https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00627/73916/73264.xlsx https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00627/73916/73265.xlsx https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00627/73916/73266.xlsx https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00627/73916/73267.xlsx https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00627/73916/73268.xlsx https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00627/73916/73269.xlsx https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00627/73916/73270.xlsx LA English DT Article DE ;Oyster genetic background;Hemolymph microbiota dynamics;Early-life microbiota;Trans-kingdom interactions;Crassostrea gigas;Within-host ecosystem AB Background The impact of the microbiota on host fitness has so far mainly been demonstrated for the bacterial microbiome. We know much less about host-associated protist and viral communities, largely due to technical issues. However, all microorganisms within a microbiome potentially interact with each other as well as with the host and the environment, therefore likely affecting the host health. Results We set out to explore how environmental and host factors shape the composition and diversity of bacterial, protist and viral microbial communities in the Pacific oyster hemolymph, both in health and disease. To do so, five oyster families differing in susceptibility to the Pacific oyster mortality syndrome were reared in hatchery and transplanted into a natural environment either before or during a disease outbreak. Using metabarcoding and shotgun metagenomics, we demonstrate that hemolymph can be considered as an ecological niche hosting bacterial, protist and viral communities, each of them shaped by different factors and distinct from the corresponding communities in the surrounding seawater. Overall, we found that hemolymph microbiota is more strongly shaped by the environment than by host genetic background. Co-occurrence network analyses suggest a disruption of the microbial network after transplantation into natural environment during both non-infectious and infectious periods. Whereas we could not identify a common microbial community signature for healthy animals, OsHV-1 μVar virus dominated the hemolymph virome during the disease outbreak, without significant modifications of other microbiota components. Conclusion Our study shows that oyster hemolymph is a complex ecosystem containing diverse bacteria, protists and viruses, whose composition and dynamics are primarily determined by the environment. However, all of these are also shaped by oyster genetic backgrounds, indicating they indeed interact with the oyster host and are therefore not only of transient character. Although it seems that the three microbiome components respond independently to environmental conditions, better characterization of hemolymph-associated viruses could change this picture. PY 2020 PD APR SO Animal Microbiome SN 2524-4671 PU Springer Science and Business Media LLC VL 2 IS 1 UT 000704704700001 DI 10.1186/s42523-020-00032-w ID 73916 ER EF