Safe Harbors: The Many Benefits of Marine Monuments and Sanctuaries

Type Article
Date 2018-06
Language English
Author(s) Bruno John F.1, Saumweber Whitley2, Crowder Larry B.3, Pendleton Linwood4, 5, Roady Stephen E.6, Rouleau Tracy7, Sakashita Miyoko8
Affiliation(s) 1 : Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA.
2 : Stanford Univ, Woods Inst Environm, Ctr Ocean Solut, Monterey, CA USA.
3 : Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
4 : Univ Western Brittany Brest, European Inst Marine Sci, AMURE, Plouzane, France.
5 : World Wildlife Fund, Global Sci, 1250 24th St NW, Washington, DC 20037 USA.
6 : Duke Univ, Sch Law, Durham, NC 27706 USA.
7 : TBD Econ LLC, Gaithersburg, MD USA.
8 : Ctr Biol Divers, Oakland, CA USA.
Source Frontiers In Marine Science (2296-7745) (Frontiers Media Sa), 2018-06 , Vol. 5 , N. 189 , P. 4p.
DOI 10.3389/fmars.2018.00189
WOS© Times Cited 1
Keyword(s) marine ecosystem, conservation, policy analysis, biodiversity, MPAs, reserves
Abstract

The United States has been at the forefront of marine resource stewardship since the 1970s when Federal officials began to implement a series of national policies aimed at the conservation and management of public trust resources in the ocean. Beginning with the establishment of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in 1970, soon followed by several pieces of landmark legislation, this era marked the start of a continuing effort to integrate ecosystem science with marine resource management. Among the most important bipartisan legacies of this effort has been the steady expansion of marine managed areas in U.S. coastal and ocean waters. This legacy is being challenged as the Trump Administration considers whether to alter or eliminate the nation's Marine National Monuments and National Marine Sanctuaries.

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