TY - JOUR T1 - When ecosystems and their services are not co-located: oceans and coasts A1 - Drakou,Evangelia G. A1 - Pendleton,Linwood A1 - Effron,Micah A1 - Ingram,Jane Carter A1 - Teneva,Lida AD - Univ Brest, UMR M101, AMURE, CNRS,OSU IUEM, 12 Rue Kergoat CS 93837, F-29238 Brest 3, France. AD - Environm Def Fund, 257 Pk Ave South, New York, NY 10010 USA. AD - Wildlife Conservat Soc, 2300 Southern Blvd, Bronx, NY 10460 USA. AD - Conservat Int, Betty & Gordon Moore Ctr Sci & Oceans, 7192 Kalanianaole Hwy,Ste G-230, Honolulu, HI 96825 USA. UR - https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00636/74821/ DO - 10.1093/icesjms/fsx026 KW - conceptual framework KW - ecosystem services KW - human dimension KW - mapping KW - telecoupled systems N2 - Local, regional, and global policies to manage protect and restore our oceans and coasts call for the inclusion of ecosystem services (ES) in policy-relevant research. Marine and coastal ES and the associated benefits to humans are usually assessed, quantified, and mapped at the ecosystem level to inform policy and decision-making. Yet those benefits may reach humans beyond the provisioning ecosystem, at the regional or even global level. Current efforts to map ES generated by a single ecosystem rarely consider the distribution of benefits beyond the ecosystem itself, especially at the regional or global level. In this article, we elaborate on the concept of "extra-local" ES to refer to those ES generating benefits that are enjoyed far from the providing ecosystem, focusing on the marine environment. We emphasize the spatial dimension of the different components of the ES provision framework and apply the proposed conceptual framework to food provision and climate regulation ES provided by marine and coastal ecosystems. We present the different extents of the mapping outputs generated by the ecosystem-based vs. the extra-local mapping approach and discuss practical and conceptual challenges of the approach. Lack of relevant ES mapping methodologies and lack of data appeared to be the most crucial bottlenecks in applying the extra-local approach for marine and coastal ES. We urge for more applications of the proposed framework that can improve marine and coastal ES assessments help fill in data gaps and generate more robust data. Such assessments could better inform marine and coastal policies, especially those linked to equal attribution of benefits, compensation schemes and poverty alleviation. Y1 - 2017/07 PB - Oxford Univ Press JF - Ices Journal Of Marine Science SN - 1054-3139 VL - 74 IS - 6 SP - 1531 EP - 1539 ID - 74821 ER -