FN Archimer Export Format
PT J
TI Nutrient Patchiness, Phytoplankton Surge-Uptake, and Turbulent History: A Theoretical Approach and Its Experimental Validation
BT 
AF Schapira, Mathilde
   Seuront, Laurent
AS 1:1;2:2,3,4;
FF 1:PDG-ODE-LITTORAL-LERMPL;2:;
C1 Ifremer, LITTORAL, F-44311 Nantes, France
   CNRS, Univ. Lille, Univ. Littoral Côte d’Opale, UMR 8187, LOG, Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences, F-62930 Wimereux, France
   Department of Marine Resource and Energy, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, 4-5-7 Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
   Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
C2 IFREMER, FRANCE
   CNRS, FRANCE
   UNIV TOKYO, JAPAN
   UNIV RHODES, SOUTH AFRICA
SI NANTES
SE PDG-ODE-LITTORAL-LERMPL
IN WOS Ifremer UPR
   DOAJ
   copubli-france
   copubli-int-hors-europe
   copubli-sud
TC 1
UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00643/75527/76435.pdf
LA English
DT Article
DE ;nutrient patchiness;turbulence;phytoplankton;surge uptake;nutrient depletion;turbulent history
AB Despite ample evidence of micro- and small-scale (i.e., millimeter- to meter-scale) phytoplankton and zooplankton patchiness in the ocean, direct observations of nutrient distributions and the ecological importance of this phenomenon are still relatively scarce. In this context, we first describe a simple procedure to continuously sample nutrients in surface waters, and subsequently provide evidence of the existence of microscale distribution of ammonium in the ocean. We further show that ammonium is never homogeneously distributed, even under very high conditions of turbulence. Instead, turbulence intensity appears to control nutrient patchiness, with a more homogeneous or a more heterogeneous distribution observed under high and low turbulence intensities, respectively, under the same concentration in nutrient. Based on a modelling procedure taking into account the stochastic properties of intermittent nutrient distributions and observations carried out on natural phytoplankton communities, we introduce and verify the hypothesis that under nutrient limitation, the “turbulent history” of phytoplankton cells, i.e., the turbulent conditions they experienced in their natural environments, conditions their efficiency to uptake ephemeral inorganic nitrogen patches of different concentrations. Specifically, phytoplankton cells exposed to high turbulence intensities (i.e., more homogeneous nutrient distribution) were more efficient to uptake high concentration nitrogen pulses (2 µM). In contrast, under low turbulence conditions (i.e., more heterogeneous nutrient distribution), uptake rates were higher for low concentration nitrogen pulses (0.5 µM). These results suggest that under nutrient limitation, natural phytoplankton populations respond to high turbulence intensities through a decrease in affinity for nutrients and an increase in their transport rate, and vice versa. 
PY 2020
PD JUL
SO Fluids
SN 2311-5521
PU MDPI AG
VL 5
IS 2
UT 000551761800001
DI 10.3390/fluids5020080
ID 75527
ER

EF