TY - JOUR T1 - Global status and conservation potential of reef sharks A1 - Macneil,M. Aaron A1 - Chapman,Demian D. A1 - Heupel,Michelle A1 - Simpfendorfer,Colin A. A1 - Heithaus,Michael A1 - Meekan,Mark A1 - Harvey,Euan A1 - Goetze,Jordan A1 - Kiszka,Jeremy A1 - Bond,Mark E. A1 - Currey-Randall,Leanne M. A1 - Speed,Conrad W. A1 - Sherman,C. Samantha A1 - Rees,Matthew J. A1 - Udyawer,Vinay A1 - Flowers,Kathryn I. A1 - Clementi,Gina A1 - Valentin-Albanese,Jasmine A1 - Gorham,Taylor A1 - Adam,M. Shiham A1 - Ali,Khadeeja A1 - Pina-Amargos,Fabian A1 - Angulo-Valdes,Jorge A. A1 - Asher,Jacob A1 - Barcia,Laura Garcia A1 - Beaufort,Oceane A1 - Benjamin,Cecilie A1 - Bernard,Anthony T. F. A1 - Berumen,Michael L. A1 - Bierwagen,Stacy A1 - Bonnema,Erika A1 - Bown,Rosalind M. K. A1 - Bradley,Darcey A1 - Brooks,Edd A1 - Brown,J. Jed A1 - Buddo,Dayne A1 - Burke,Patrick A1 - Caceres,Camila A1 - Cardenosa,Diego A1 - Carrier,Jeffrey C. A1 - Caselle,Jennifer E. A1 - Charloo,Venkatesh A1 - Claverie,Thomas A1 - Clua,Eric A1 - Cochran,Jesse E. M. A1 - Cook,Neil A1 - Cramp,Jessica A1 - D'Alberto,Brooke A1 - de Graaf,Martin A1 - Dornhege,Mareike A1 - Estep,Andy A1 - Fanovich,Lanya A1 - Farabough,Naomi F. A1 - Fernando,Daniel A1 - Flam,Anna L. A1 - Floros,Camilla A1 - Fourqurean,Virginia A1 - Garla,Ricardo A1 - Gastrich,Kirk A1 - George,Lachlan A1 - Graham,Rory A1 - Guttridge,Tristan A1 - Hardenstine,Royale S. A1 - Heck,Stephen A1 - Henderson,Aaron C. A1 - Hertler,Heidi A1 - Hueter,Robert A1 - Johnson,Mohini A1 - Jupiter,Stacy A1 - Kasana,Devanshi A1 - Kessel,Steven T. A1 - Kiilu,Benedict A1 - Kirata,Taratu A1 - Kuguru,Baraka A1 - Kyne,Fabian A1 - Langlois,Tim A1 - Ledee,Elodie J. I. A1 - Lindfield,Steve A1 - Luna-Acosta,Andrea A1 - Maggs,Jade A1 - Manjaji-Matsumoto,B. Mabel A1 - Marshall,Andrea A1 - Matich,Philip A1 - McCombs,Erin A1 - McLean,Dianne A1 - Meggs,Llewelyn A1 - Moore,Stephen A1 - Mukherji,Sushmita A1 - Murray,Ryan A1 - Kaimuddin,Muslimin A1 - Newman,Stephen J. A1 - Nogues,Josep A1 - Obota,Clay A1 - O'Shea,Owen A1 - Osuka,Kennedy A1 - Papastamatiou,Yannis P. A1 - Perera,Nishan A1 - Peterson,Bradley A1 - Ponzo,Alessandro A1 - Prasetyo,Andhika A1 - Quamar,L. M. Sjamsul A1 - Quinlan,Jessica A1 - Ruiz-Abierno,Alexei A1 - Sala,Enric A1 - Samoilys,Melita A1 - Scharer-Umpierre,Michelle A1 - Schlaff,Audrey A1 - Simpson,Nikola A1 - Smith,Adam N. H. A1 - Sparks,Lauren A1 - Tanna,Akshay A1 - Torres,Ruben A1 - Travers,Michael J. A1 - Van Zinnicq Bergmann,Maurits A1 - Vigliola,Laurent A1 - Ward,Juney A1 - Watts,Alexandra M. A1 - Wen,Colin A1 - Whitman,Elizabeth A1 - Wirsing,Aaron J. A1 - Wothke,Aljoscha A1 - Zarza-Gonzalez,Esteban A1 - Cinner,Joshua E. AD - Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada AD - Institute of Environment, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, North Miami, FL, USA AD - Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia AD - Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia AD - Australian Institute of Marine Science, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia AD - The UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia AD - School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia AD - Marine Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, New York, NY, USA AD - Centre for Sustainable Ecosystems Solutions, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia AD - Australian Institute of Marine Science, Arafura Timor Research Facility, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia AD - Maldives Marine Research Institute, Ministry of Fisheries, Marine Resources and Agriculture, Malé, Maldives AD - Centro de Investigaciones de Ecosistemas Costeros (CIEC), Cayo Coco, Morón, Ciego de Ávila, Cuba AD - Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, Universidad de la Habana, Havana, Cuba AD - Galbraith Marine Science Laboratory, Eckerd College, St Petersburg, FL, USA AD - Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA AD - Habitat and Living Marine Resources Program, Ecosystem Sciences Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Honolulu, HI, USA AD - Réseau requins des Antilles Francaises, Kap Natirel, Vieux-Fort, Guadeloupe AD - Mahonia Na Dari Research and Conservation Centre, Kimbe, Papua New Guinea AD - South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown, South Africa AD - Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa AD - Red Sea Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia AD - Blue Resources Trust, Colombo, Sri Lanka AD - Bren School of Environmental Sciences and Management, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA AD - Shark Research and Conservation Program, Cape Eleuthera Institute, Cape Eleuthera, Eleuthera, Bahamas AD - Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar AD - University of the West Indies, Discovery Bay Marine Laboratory, Discovery Bay, Jamaica AD - Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia AD - School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA AD - Albion College, Albion, MI, USA AD - Marine Science Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA AD - Coastal Impact, Quitula, Aldona Bardez, India AD - CUFR Mayotte & Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, IFREMER, Montpellier, France AD - PSL Research University, LABEX CORAIL, CRIOBE USRUSR3278 EPHE-CNRS-UPVD, Mòorea, French Polynesi AD - Environmental Research Institute Charlotteville, Charlotteville, Trinidad and Tobago AD - School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK AD - ARC Centre of Excellence in Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia AD - Sharks Pacific, Rarotonga, Cook Islands AD - Wageningen Marine Research, Wageningen University & Research, IJmuiden, The Netherlands AD - Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Sophia University, Tokyo, Japan AD - Waitt Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA AD - Marine Megafauna Foundation, Truckee, CA, USA AD - The South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, South Africa AD - Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil AD - Independent consultant, Hull, UK AD - Bimini Biological Field Station Foundation, South Bimini, Bahamas AD - Saving the Blue, Kendall, Miami, FL, USA AD - Biology Department, College of Science, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates AD - The School for Field Studies Center for Marine Resource Studies, South Caicos, Turks and Caicos Islands AD - Center for Shark Research, Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota, FL, USA AD - Operation Wallacea, Spilsby, Lincolnshire, UK AD - Wildlife Conservation Society, Melanesia Program, Suva, Fiji AD - Daniel P. Haerther Center for Conservation and Research, John G. Shedd Aquarium, Chicago, IL, USA AD - Kenya Fisheries Service, Mombasa, Kenya AD - Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources, Development, Kiritimati, Kiribati AD - Tanzania Fisheries Research Institute, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania AD - University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica AD - School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia AD - Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada AD - Coral Reef Research Foundation, Koror, Palau AD - Departamento de Ecología y Territorio, Facultad de Estudios Ambientales y Rurales, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia AD - National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Hataitai, New Zealand AD - Endangered Marine Species Research Unit, Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia AD - Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA AD - Aquarium of the Pacific, Long Beach, CA, USA AD - Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation, Annapolis, MD, USA AD - Department of Biodiversity, Conservation & Attractions, Parks & Wildlife WA, Pilbara Region, Nickol, Western Australia, Australia AD - Large Marine Vertebrates Research Institute Philippines, Jagna, The Philippines AD - Wasage Divers, Wakatobi and Buton, Indonesia AD - Western Australian Fisheries and Marine Research Laboratories, Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Government of Western Australia, North Beach, Western Australia, Australia AD - Island Conservation Society Seychelles, Victoria, Mahé, Seychelles AD - CORDIO East Africa, Mombasa, Kenya AD - The Centre for Ocean Research and Education, Gregory Town, Eleuthera, Bahamas AD - Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, York, UK AD - Center for Fisheries Research, Ministry for Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Jakarta Utara, Indonesia AD - Universitas Dayanu Ikhsanuddin Bau-Bau, Bau-Bau, Indonesia AD - Pristine Seas, National Geographic Society, Washington, DC, USA AD - Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK AD - HJR Reefscaping, Boquerón, Puerto Rico AD - SalvageBlue, Kingstown, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines AD - School of Natural and Computational Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand AD - Indo Ocean Project, PT Nomads Diving Bali, Nusa Penida, Indonesia AD - Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK AD - Reef Check Dominican Republic, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic AD - Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR ENTROPIE (IRD-UR-UNC-CNRS-IFREMER), Nouméa, New Caledonia AD - Secretariat of the Pacific Regional, Environment Programme, Apia, Samoa AD - Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan AD - School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA AD - Corales del Rosario and San Bernardo National Natural Park, GIBEAM Research Group, Universidad del Sinú, Cartagena, Colombia. UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2519-y DO - 10.1038/s41586-020-2519-y N2 - Decades of overexploitation have devastated shark populations, leaving considerable doubt as to their ecological status1,2. Yet much of what is known about sharks has been inferred from catch records in industrial fisheries, whereas far less information is available about sharks that live in coastal habitats3. Here we address this knowledge gap using data from more than 15,000 standardized baited remote underwater video stations that were deployed on 371 reefs in 58 nations to estimate the conservation status of reef sharks globally. Our results reveal the profound impact that fishing has had on reef shark populations: we observed no sharks on almost 20% of the surveyed reefs. Reef sharks were almost completely absent from reefs in several nations, and shark depletion was strongly related to socio-economic conditions such as the size and proximity of the nearest market, poor governance and the density of the human population. However, opportunities for the conservation of reef sharks remain: shark sanctuaries, closed areas, catch limits and an absence of gillnets and longlines were associated with a substantially higher relative abundance of reef sharks. These results reveal several policy pathways for the restoration and management of reef shark populations, from direct top-down management of fishing to indirect improvement of governance conditions. Reef shark populations will only have a high chance of recovery by engaging key socio-economic aspects of tropical fisheries. Y1 - 2020/07 PB - Springer Science and Business Media LLC JF - Nature SN - 0028-0836 VL - 583 IS - 7818 SP - 801 EP - 806 ID - 75627 ER -