FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Global status and conservation potential of reef sharks BT AF MacNeil, M. Aaron Chapman, Demian D. Heupel, Michelle Simpfendorfer, Colin A. Heithaus, Michael Meekan, Mark Harvey, Euan Goetze, Jordan Kiszka, Jeremy Bond, Mark E. Currey-Randall, Leanne M. Speed, Conrad W. Sherman, C. Samantha Rees, Matthew J. Udyawer, Vinay Flowers, Kathryn I. Clementi, Gina Valentin-Albanese, Jasmine Gorham, Taylor Adam, M. Shiham Ali, Khadeeja Pina-Amargos, Fabian Angulo-Valdes, Jorge A. Asher, Jacob Barcia, Laura Garcia Beaufort, Oceane Benjamin, Cecilie Bernard, Anthony T. F. Berumen, Michael L. Bierwagen, Stacy Bonnema, Erika Bown, Rosalind M. K. Bradley, Darcey Brooks, Edd Brown, J. Jed Buddo, Dayne Burke, Patrick Caceres, Camila Cardenosa, Diego Carrier, Jeffrey C. Caselle, Jennifer E. Charloo, Venkatesh Claverie, Thomas Clua, Eric Cochran, Jesse E. M. Cook, Neil Cramp, Jessica D'Alberto, Brooke de Graaf, Martin Dornhege, Mareike Estep, Andy Fanovich, Lanya Farabough, Naomi F. Fernando, Daniel Flam, Anna L. Floros, Camilla Fourqurean, Virginia Garla, Ricardo Gastrich, Kirk George, Lachlan Graham, Rory Guttridge, Tristan Hardenstine, Royale S. Heck, Stephen Henderson, Aaron C. Hertler, Heidi Hueter, Robert Johnson, Mohini Jupiter, Stacy Kasana, Devanshi Kessel, Steven T. Kiilu, Benedict Kirata, Taratu Kuguru, Baraka Kyne, Fabian Langlois, Tim Ledee, Elodie J. I. Lindfield, Steve Luna-Acosta, Andrea Maggs, Jade Manjaji-Matsumoto, B. Mabel Marshall, Andrea Matich, Philip McCombs, Erin McLean, Dianne Meggs, Llewelyn Moore, Stephen Mukherji, Sushmita Murray, Ryan Kaimuddin, Muslimin Newman, Stephen J. Nogues, Josep Obota, Clay O'Shea, Owen Osuka, Kennedy Papastamatiou, Yannis P. Perera, Nishan Peterson, Bradley Ponzo, Alessandro Prasetyo, Andhika Quamar, L. M. Sjamsul Quinlan, Jessica Ruiz-Abierno, Alexei Sala, Enric Samoilys, Melita Scharer-Umpierre, Michelle Schlaff, Audrey Simpson, Nikola Smith, Adam N. H. Sparks, Lauren Tanna, Akshay Torres, Ruben Travers, Michael J. van Zinnicq Bergmann, Maurits Vigliola, Laurent Ward, Juney Watts, Alexandra M. Wen, Colin Whitman, Elizabeth Wirsing, Aaron J. Wothke, Aljoscha Zarza-Gonzalez, Esteban Cinner, Joshua E. AS 1:1;2:2;3:3;4:4;5:2;6:5,6;7:7;8:7,8;9:2;10:2;11:3;12:5,6;13:4;14:5,9;15:10;16:2;17:2;18:1;19:1;20:2;21:2,11;22:12;23:13,14;24:15,16;25:2;26:17;27:18;28:19,20;29:21;30:4;31:2;32:22;33:23;34:24;35:25;36:26;37:27;38:2;39:28;40:29;41:30;42:31;43:32;44:33;45:21;46:34,35;47:36,37;48:4;49:38;50:39;51:40;52:34;53:2;54:22;55:41;56:42;57:2;58:43;59:2;60:4;61:44;62:45,46;63:21;64:28;65:47,48;66:48;67:49;68:50;69:51;70:2;71:52;72:53;73:54;74:55;75:56;76:57;77:58;78:59;79:60;80:61;81:62;82:41;83:63;84:64;85:5,6;86:65;87:66;88:4;89:67;90:68;91:69;92:70;93:71;94:72;95:73;96:2;97:22;98:28;99:67;100:74;101:75;102:2;103:13;104:76;105:71,77;106:78;107:4;108:79;109:80;110:81;111:22,82;112:83;113:69;114:2,45;115:84;116:85;117:41,82;118:86;119:2;120:87;121:34;122:88;123:36; FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;5:;6:;7:;8:;9:;10:;11:;12:;13:;14:;15:;16:;17:;18:;19:;20:;21:;22:;23:;24:;25:;26:;27:;28:;29:;30:;31:;32:;33:;34:;35:;36:;37:;38:;39:;40:;41:;42:;43:;44:;45:;46:;47:;48:;49:;50:;51:;52:;53:;54:;55:;56:;57:;58:;59:;60:;61:;62:;63:;64:;65:;66:;67:;68:;69:;70:;71:;72:;73:;74:;75:;76:;77:;78:;79:;80:;81:;82:;83:;84:;85:;86:;87:;88:;89:;90:;91:;92:;93:;94:;95:;96:;97:;98:;99:;100:;101:;102:;103:;104:;105:;106:;107:;108:;109:;110:;111:;112:;113:;114:;115:;116:;117:;118:;119:;120:;121:;122:;123:; C1 Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada Institute of Environment, Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, North Miami, FL, USA Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Queensland, Australia Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia Australian Institute of Marine Science, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia The UWA Oceans Institute, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia Marine Program, Wildlife Conservation Society, New York, NY, USA Centre for Sustainable Ecosystems Solutions, School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia Australian Institute of Marine Science, Arafura Timor Research Facility, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia Maldives Marine Research Institute, Ministry of Fisheries, Marine Resources and Agriculture, Malé, Maldives Centro de Investigaciones de Ecosistemas Costeros (CIEC), Cayo Coco, Morón, Ciego de Ávila, Cuba Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, Universidad de la Habana, Havana, Cuba Galbraith Marine Science Laboratory, Eckerd College, St Petersburg, FL, USA Joint Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, USA Habitat and Living Marine Resources Program, Ecosystem Sciences Division, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Honolulu, HI, USA Réseau requins des Antilles Francaises, Kap Natirel, Vieux-Fort, Guadeloupe Mahonia Na Dari Research and Conservation Centre, Kimbe, Papua New Guinea South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown, South Africa Department of Zoology and Entomology, Rhodes University, Grahamstown, South Africa Red Sea Research Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia Blue Resources Trust, Colombo, Sri Lanka Bren School of Environmental Sciences and Management, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA Shark Research and Conservation Program, Cape Eleuthera Institute, Cape Eleuthera, Eleuthera, Bahamas Center for Sustainable Development, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar University of the West Indies, Discovery Bay Marine Laboratory, Discovery Bay, Jamaica Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA Albion College, Albion, MI, USA Marine Science Institute, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA Coastal Impact, Quitula, Aldona Bardez, India CUFR Mayotte & Marine Biodiversity, Exploitation and Conservation (MARBEC), Université de Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, IFREMER, Montpellier, France PSL Research University, LABEX CORAIL, CRIOBE USRUSR3278 EPHE-CNRS-UPVD, Mòorea, French Polynesi Environmental Research Institute Charlotteville, Charlotteville, Trinidad and Tobago School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK ARC Centre of Excellence in Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia Sharks Pacific, Rarotonga, Cook Islands Wageningen Marine Research, Wageningen University & Research, IJmuiden, The Netherlands Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies, Sophia University, Tokyo, Japan Waitt Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA Marine Megafauna Foundation, Truckee, CA, USA The South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, South Africa Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil Independent consultant, Hull, UK Bimini Biological Field Station Foundation, South Bimini, Bahamas Saving the Blue, Kendall, Miami, FL, USA Biology Department, College of Science, UAE University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates The School for Field Studies Center for Marine Resource Studies, South Caicos, Turks and Caicos Islands Center for Shark Research, Mote Marine Laboratory, Sarasota, FL, USA Operation Wallacea, Spilsby, Lincolnshire, UK Wildlife Conservation Society, Melanesia Program, Suva, Fiji Daniel P. Haerther Center for Conservation and Research, John G. Shedd Aquarium, Chicago, IL, USA Kenya Fisheries Service, Mombasa, Kenya Ministry of Fisheries and Marine Resources, Development, Kiritimati, Kiribati Tanzania Fisheries Research Institute, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania University of the West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica School of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia Fish Ecology and Conservation Physiology Laboratory, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Coral Reef Research Foundation, Koror, Palau Departamento de Ecología y Territorio, Facultad de Estudios Ambientales y Rurales, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Hataitai, New Zealand Endangered Marine Species Research Unit, Borneo Marine Research Institute, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA Aquarium of the Pacific, Long Beach, CA, USA Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation, Annapolis, MD, USA Department of Biodiversity, Conservation & Attractions, Parks & Wildlife WA, Pilbara Region, Nickol, Western Australia, Australia Large Marine Vertebrates Research Institute Philippines, Jagna, The Philippines Wasage Divers, Wakatobi and Buton, Indonesia Western Australian Fisheries and Marine Research Laboratories, Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Government of Western Australia, North Beach, Western Australia, Australia Island Conservation Society Seychelles, Victoria, Mahé, Seychelles CORDIO East Africa, Mombasa, Kenya The Centre for Ocean Research and Education, Gregory Town, Eleuthera, Bahamas Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, York, UK Center for Fisheries Research, Ministry for Marine Affairs and Fisheries, Jakarta Utara, Indonesia Universitas Dayanu Ikhsanuddin Bau-Bau, Bau-Bau, Indonesia Pristine Seas, National Geographic Society, Washington, DC, USA Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK HJR Reefscaping, Boquerón, Puerto Rico SalvageBlue, Kingstown, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines School of Natural and Computational Sciences, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand Indo Ocean Project, PT Nomads Diving Bali, Nusa Penida, Indonesia Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK Reef Check Dominican Republic, Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UMR ENTROPIE (IRD-UR-UNC-CNRS-IFREMER), Nouméa, New Caledonia Secretariat of the Pacific Regional, Environment Programme, Apia, Samoa Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Corales del Rosario and San Bernardo National Natural Park, GIBEAM Research Group, Universidad del Sinú, Cartagena, Colombia. C2 UNIV DALHOUSIE, CANADA UNIV INT FLORIDA, USA AUSTRALIAN INST MARINE SCI, AUSTRALIA UNIV JAMES COOK, AUSTRALIA AUSTRALIAN INST MARINE SCI, AUSTRALIA UNIV WESTERN AUSTRALIA, AUSTRALIA UNIV CURTIN, AUSTRALIA WILDLIFE CONSERVAT SOC, USA UNIV WOLLONGONG, AUSTRALIA AUSTRALIAN INST MARINE SCI, AUSTRALIA MALDIVES MARINE RES INST, MALDIVES CIEC, CUBA UNIV HABANA, CUBA GALBRAITH MARINE SCI LAB, USA UNIV HAWAII MANOA, USA NOAA, USA RESEAU REQUINS ANTILLES FRANCAISES, FRANCE MAHONIA DARI RES CONSERV CTR, PAPUA NEW GUINEA SAIAB, SOUTH AFRICA UNIV RHODES, SOUTH AFRICA RED SEA RESEARCH CTR, SAUDI ARABIA BLUE RESOURCES TRUST, SRI LANKA UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA, USA CAPE ELEUTHERA INST, BAHAMAS UNIV QATAR, QATAR UNIV WEST INDIES, JAMAICA UNIV MACQUARIE, AUSTRALIA UNIV STONY BROOK, USA ALBION COLLEGE, USA UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA, USA COASTAL IMPACT, INDIA UNIV MONTPELLIER, FRANCE CNRS, FRANCE ENVIRONM RES INST CHARLOTTEVILLE, TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO UNIV CARDIFF, UK ARC CENT EXCELL CORAL REEF STUDIES, AUSTRALIA SHARKS PACIFIC, COOK ISLANDS WAGENINGEN MARINE RES, NETHERLANDS UNIV SOPHIA, JAPAN WAITT INSTITUTE, USA MARINE MEGAFAUNA FDN, USA SOUTH AFRICAN ASSOC MARINE BIOLOGICAL RES, SOUTH AFRICA UNIV FED RIO GRANDE DO NORTE, BRAZIL Independent consultant, Hull, UK BIMINI BIOLOGICAL FIELD STATION FDN, BAHAMAS SAVING THE BLUE, USA UNIV UNITED ARAB EMIRATES, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES SCHOOL STUDIES CTR MARINE RESOURCE, UK MOTE MARINE LAB, USA OPERATION WALLACEA, UK WILDLIFE CONSERVAT SOC, FIJI DANIEL P. HAERTHER CTR CONSERV RES, USA KENYA FISHERIES SERVICE, KENYA MINIST FISHERIES & MARINE RESOURCES, KIRIBATI TANZANIA FISHERIES RES INST, TANZANIA UNIV WEST INDIES, JAMAICA UNIV WESTERN AUSTRALIA, AUSTRALIA UNIV CARLETON, CANADA CORAL REEF RESEARCH FDN, PALAU UNIV PONTIFICIA JAVERIANA, COLOMBIA NIWA, NEW ZEALAND UNIV MALAYSIA SABAH, MALAYSIA UNIV TEXAS A&M, USA AQUARIUM PACIFIC, USA KHALED BIN SULTAN LIVING OCEANS FDN, USA PARKS WILDLIFE SERVICE, AUSTRALIA LARGE MARINE VERTEBRATES RES INST PHILIPPINES, PHILIPPINES WASAGE DIVERS, INDONESIA GOV WESTERN AUSTRALIA, AUSTRALIA ISL CONSERVAT SOC, SEYCHELLES CORDIO EAST AFRICA, KENYA CTR OCEAN RES EDUC, BAHAMAS UNIV YORK, UK CTR FISHERIES RES, INDONESIA UNIV DAYANU IKHSANUDDIN BAU-BAU, INDONESIA NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY, USA UNIV OXFORD, UK HJR REEFSCAPING, USA SALVAGEBLUE, ST VINCENT AND THE GRENADINES UNIV MASSEY, NEW ZEALAND INDO OCEAN PROJECT, INDONESIA UNIV MANCHESTER, UK REEF CHECK DOMINICAN REPUBLIC, DOMINICAN REP IRD, FRANCE SECRETARIAT PACIFIC REGIONAL, SAMOA UNIV TUNGHAI, TAIWAN UNIV WASHINGTON, USA UNIV SINU, COLOMBIA UM MARBEC ENTROPIE IN WOS Cotutelle UMR copubli-france copubli-europe copubli-int-hors-europe copubli-sud IF 49.962 TC 163 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00644/75627/83233.pdf LA English DT Article AB Decades of overexploitation have devastated shark populations, leaving considerable doubt as to their ecological status1,2. Yet much of what is known about sharks has been inferred from catch records in industrial fisheries, whereas far less information is available about sharks that live in coastal habitats3. Here we address this knowledge gap using data from more than 15,000 standardized baited remote underwater video stations that were deployed on 371 reefs in 58 nations to estimate the conservation status of reef sharks globally. Our results reveal the profound impact that fishing has had on reef shark populations: we observed no sharks on almost 20% of the surveyed reefs. Reef sharks were almost completely absent from reefs in several nations, and shark depletion was strongly related to socio-economic conditions such as the size and proximity of the nearest market, poor governance and the density of the human population. However, opportunities for the conservation of reef sharks remain: shark sanctuaries, closed areas, catch limits and an absence of gillnets and longlines were associated with a substantially higher relative abundance of reef sharks. These results reveal several policy pathways for the restoration and management of reef shark populations, from direct top-down management of fishing to indirect improvement of governance conditions. Reef shark populations will only have a high chance of recovery by engaging key socio-economic aspects of tropical fisheries. PY 2020 PD JUN SO Nature SN 0028-0836 PU Springer Science and Business Media LLC VL 583 IS 7818 UT 000551385400006 BP 801 EP 806 DI 10.1038/s41586-020-2519-y ID 75627 ER EF