FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Resolving and Parameterising the Ocean Mesoscale in Earth System Models BT AF Hewitt, Helene T. Roberts, Malcolm Mathiot, Pierre Biastoch, Arne Blockley, Ed Chassignet, Eric P. Fox-Kemper, Baylor Hyder, Pat Marshall, David P. Popova, Ekaterina Treguier, Anne-Marie Zanna, Laure Yool, Andrew Yu, Yongqiang Beadling, Rebecca Bell, Mike Kuhlbrodt, Till Arsouze, Thomas Bellucci, Alessio Castruccio, Fred Gan, Bolan Putrasahan, Dian Roberts, Christopher D. Van Roekel, Luke Zhang, Qiuying AS 1:1;2:1;3:1;4:2;5:1;6:3;7:4;8:1;9:5;10:6;11:7;12:8;13:6;14:9,10;15:11;16:1;17:12;18:13;19:14;20:15,16;21:16,17;22:18;23:19;24:20;25:16; FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;5:;6:;7:;8:;9:;10:;11:;12:;13:;14:;15:;16:;17:;18:;19:;20:;21:;22:;23:;24:;25:; C1 Met Office Hadley Centre, FitzRoy Road, Exeter, UK GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany Center for Ocean-Atmospheric Prediction Studies, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, USA Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA Department of Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, UK CNRS, IRD, Ifremer, Laboratoire d’Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), IUEM, Univ. Brest, Brest, France Courant Institute, New York University, New York, NY, USA LASG, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 10029, China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China Department of Geosciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA National Centre for Atmospheric Science, Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Reading, UK Barcelona Supercomputing Center - Centro Nacional de Supercomputación (BSC), Barcelona, Spain Fondazione Centro Euro-Mediterraneo sui Cambiamenti Climatici (CMCC), Bologna, Italy National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), Boulder, CO, USA International Laboratory for High Resolution Earth System Prediction (iHESP), College Station, TX, USA Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science (QNLM), Qingdao, China Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Reading, UK T-3 Solid Mechanics and Fluid Dynamics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA Texas A&M University (TAMU), College Station, TX, USA C2 MET OFFICE, UK IFM GEOMAR, GERMANY UNIV FLORIDA STATE, USA UNIV BROWN, USA UNIV OXFORD, UK NOC, UK CNRS, FRANCE COURANT INST, USA CHINESE ACAD SCI, CHINA UNIV CHINESE ACAD SCI, CHINA UNIV ARIZONA, USA UNIV READING, UK BSC CNS, SPAIN CMCC, ITALY NCAR, USA UNIV TEXAS A&M, USA QNLM, CHINA MAX PLANCK INST METEOROL, GERMANY ECMWF, UK LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, USA UNIV TEXAS A&M, USA UM LOPS IN WOS Cotutelle UMR copubli-europe copubli-int-hors-europe copubli-sud IF 9.077 TC 66 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00654/76603/77753.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00654/76603/78701.pdf LA English DT Article DE ;Ocean models;Resolution;Parameterisation;Mesoscale;Submesoscale AB Purpose of Review Assessment of the impact of ocean resolution in Earth System models on the mean state, variability, and future projections and discussion of prospects for improved parameterisations to represent the ocean mesoscale. Recent Findings The majority of centres participating in CMIP6 employ ocean components with resolutions of about 1 degree in their full Earth System models (eddy-parameterising models). In contrast, there are also models submitted to CMIP6 (both DECK and HighResMIP) that employ ocean components of approximately 1/4 degree and 1/10 degree (eddy-present and eddy-rich models). Evidence to date suggests that whether the ocean mesoscale is explicitly represented or parameterised affects not only the mean state of the ocean but also the climate variability and the future climate response, particularly in terms of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) and the Southern Ocean. Recent developments in scale-aware parameterisations of the mesoscale are being developed and will be included in future Earth System models. Summary Although the choice of ocean resolution in Earth System models will always be limited by computational considerations, for the foreseeable future, this choice is likely to affect projections of climate variability and change as well as other aspects of the Earth System. Future Earth System models will be able to choose increased ocean resolution and/or improved parameterisation of processes to capture physical processes with greater fidelity. PY 2020 PD DEC SO Current Climate Change Reports SN 2198-6061 PU Springer Science and Business Media LLC VL 6 IS 4 UT 000578366100001 BP 137 EP 152 DI 10.1007/s40641-020-00164-w ID 76603 ER EF