TY - JOUR T1 - Complex subsurface hydrothermal fluid mixing at a submarine arc volcano supports distinct and highly diverse microbial communities A1 - Reysenbach,Anna-Louise A1 - St John,Emily A1 - Meneghin,Jennifer A1 - Flores,Gilberto E. A1 - Podar,Mircea A1 - Dombrowski,Nina A1 - Spang,Anja A1 - L'Haridon,Stephane A1 - Humphris,Susan E. A1 - de Ronde,Cornel E. J. A1 - Tontini,Fabio Caratori A1 - Tivey,Maurice A1 - Stucker,Valerie K. A1 - Stewart,Lucy C. A1 - Diehl,Alexander A1 - Bach,Wolfgang AD - Portland State Univ, Ctr Life Extreme Environm, Biol Dept, Portland, OR 97201, USA. AD - Calif State Univ Northridge, Dept Biol, Northridge, CA 91330, USA. AD - Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, POB 2009, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA. AD - Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, Dept Marine Microbiol & Biogeochem, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Netherlands. AD - Uppsala Univ, Dept Cell & Mol Biol, Sci Life Lab, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden. AD - Univ Bretagne Occident, Lab Microbiol Environm Extremes, CNRS, Inst Francais Rech Exploitat Mer, F-29280 Plouzane, France. AD - Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Geol & Geophys, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. AD - GNS Sci, Dept Earth Syst & Resources, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand. AD - GNS Sci, Labs & Collect, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand. AD - Toha Sci, Wellington 6011, New Zealand. AD - Univ Bremen, Fac Geosci, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. AD - Univ Bremen, MARUM Ctr Marine Environm Sci, D-28359 Bremen, Germany. UR - https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00668/78035/ DO - 10.1073/pnas.2019021117 KW - metagenomics KW - deep-sea hydrothermal KW - thermophiles KW - Archaea KW - volcanics N2 - Hydrothermally active submarine volcanoes are mineral-rich biological oases contributing significantly to chemical fluxes in the deep sea, yet little is known about the microbial communities inhabiting these systems. Here we investigate the diversity of microbial life in hydrothermal deposits and their metagenomics-inferred physiology in light of the geological history and resulting hydrothermal fluid paths in the subsurface of Brothers submarine volcano north of New Zealand on the southern Kermadec arc. From metagenome-assembled genomes we identified over 90 putative bacterial and archaeal genomic families and nearly 300 previously unknown genera, many potentially endemic to this submarine volcanic environment. While magmatically influenced hydrothermal systems on the volcanic resurgent cones of Brothers volcano harbor communities of thermoacidophiles and diverse members of the superphylum "DPANN," two distinct communities are associated with the caldera wall, likely shaped by two different types of hydrothermal circulation. The communities whose phylogenetic diversity primarily aligns with that of the cone sites and magmatically influenced hydrothermal systems elsewhere are characterized predominately by anaerobic metabolisms. These populations are probably maintained by fluids with greater magmatic inputs that have interacted with different (deeper) previously altered mineral assemblages. However, proximal (a few meters distant) communities with gene-inferred aerobic, microaerophilic, and anaerobic metabolisms are likely supported by shallower seawater-dominated circulation. Furthermore, mixing of fluids from these two distinct hydrothermal circulation systems may have an underlying imprint on the high microbial phylogenomic diversity. Collectively our results highlight the importance of considering geologic evolution and history of subsurface processes in studying microbial colonization and community dynamics in volcanic environments. Y1 - 2020/12 PB - Natl Acad Sciences JF - Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America SN - 0027-8424 VL - 117 IS - 51 SP - 32627 EP - 32638 ID - 78035 ER -