FN Archimer Export Format
PT J
TI Seasonal Asymmetry in the Evolution of Surface Ocean pCO(2) and pH Thermodynamic Drivers and the Influence on Sea-Air CO2 Flux
BT 
AF FASSBENDER, Andrea J.
   RODGERS, Keith B.
   PALEVSKY, Hilary I.
   SABINE, Christopher L.
AS 1:1;2:2,3;3:4,5;4:6,7;
FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;
C1 Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
   Inst Basic Sci, Ctr Climate Phys, Busan, South Korea.
   Pusan Natl Univ, Busan, South Korea.
   Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Marine Chem & Geochem, Falmouth, MA USA.
   Wellesley Coll, Dept Geosci, Wellesley, MA 02181 USA.
   NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
   Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Oceanog, SOEST, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
C2 MONTEREY BAY AQUARIUM RES INST, USA
   INST BASIC SCI, SOUTH KOREA
   UNIV PUSAN NATL, SOUTH KOREA
   WHOI, USA
   WELLESLEY COLL, USA
   NOAA, USA
   UNIV HAWAII MANOA, USA
TC 49
UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78679/80884.pdf
   https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78679/80885.docx
LA English
DT Article
CR OISO - OCÉAN INDIEN SERVICE D'OBSERVATION
DE ;Revelle Factor;carbon cycle;seasonal cycle;CO2 fluxes;ocean acidification
AB It has become clear that anthropogenic carbon invasion into the surface ocean drives changes in the seasonal cycles of carbon dioxide partial pressure (pCO(2)) and pH. However, it is not yet known whether the resulting sea-air CO2 fluxes are symmetric in their seasonal expression. Here we consider a novel application of observational constraints and modeling inferences to test the hypothesis that changes in the ocean's Revelle factor facilitate a seasonally asymmetric response in pCO(2) and the sea-air CO2 flux. We use an analytical framework that builds on observed sea surface pCO(2) variability for the modern era and incorporates transient dissolved inorganic carbon concentrations from an Earth system model. Our findings reveal asymmetric amplification of pCO(2) and pH seasonal cycles by a factor of two (or more) above preindustrial levels under Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5. These changes are significantly larger than observed modes of interannual variability and are relevant to climate feedbacks associated with Revelle factor perturbations. Notably, this response occurs in the absence of changes to the seasonal cycle amplitudes of dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, salinity, and temperature, indicating that significant alteration of surface pCO(2) can occur without modifying the physical or biological ocean state. This result challenges the historical paradigm that if the same amount of carbon and nutrients is entrained and subsequently exported, there is no impact on anthropogenic carbon uptake. Anticipation of seasonal asymmetries in the sea surface pCO(2) and CO2 flux response to ocean carbon uptake over the 21st century may have important implications for carbon cycle feedbacks. Plain Language Summary The ocean uptake of human released carbon dioxide (CO2) is causing the natural seasonal swings in seawater CO2 to grow over time. Using observations and numerical models, we conduct a theoretical experiment to see how the surface ocean may respond to continued carbon additions under business-as-usual future atmospheric CO2 concentrations. We find that between 1861 and 2100, the chemical properties of CO2 in seawater cause the seasonal CO2 maximum to grow by more than the seasonal CO2 minimum. As a result, the rate of summer surface ocean CO2 growth is different than winter, requiring year-round observations to accurately measure the overall annual ocean carbon absorption. Additionally, these seasonal CO2 changes affect how much carbon is lost from the ocean during high-CO2 periods relative to how much carbon is gained from the atmosphere during low-CO2 periods, creating a trend in the average ocean carbon absorption over years to decades that must be considered in the interpretation of marine carbon cycle observations and numerical models. These findings are important as they have implications for future rates of climate change and ocean acidification. 
PY 2018
PD OCT
SO Global Biogeochemical Cycles
PU Amer Geophysical Union
VL 32
IS 10
UT 000450063500005
BP 1476
EP 1497
DI 10.1029/2017GB005855
ID 78679
ER

EF