FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Air-sea disequilibrium enhances ocean carbon storage during glacial periods BT AF KHATIWALA, S. SCHMITTNER, A. MUGLIA, J. AS 1:1;2:2;3:2,3; FF 1:;2:;3:; C1 Univ Oxford, Dept Earth Sci, Oxford, England. Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Ctr Nacl Patagon, CESIMAR, Puerto Madryn, Argentina. C2 UNIV OXFORD, UK UNIV OREGON STATE, USA CESIMAR, ARGENTINA IN DOAJ IF 13.116 TC 69 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78729/80985.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00675/78729/80986.pdf LA English DT Article CR OISO - OCÉAN INDIEN SERVICE D'OBSERVATION AB The prevailing hypothesis for lower atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations during glacial periods is an increased efficiency of the ocean's biological pump. However, tests of this and other hypotheses have been hampered by the difficulty to accurately quantify ocean carbon components. Here, we use an observationally constrained earth system model to precisely quantify these components and the role that different processes play in simulated glacial-interglacial CO2 variations. We find that air-sea disequilibrium greatly amplifies the effects of cooler temperatures and iron fertilization on glacial ocean carbon storage even as the efficiency of the soft-tissue biological pump decreases. These two processes, which have previously been regarded as minor, explain most of our simulated glacial CO2 drawdown, while ocean circulation and sea ice extent, hitherto considered dominant, emerge as relatively small contributors. PY 2019 PD JUL SO Science Advances SN 2375-2548 PU Amer Assoc Advancement Science VL 5 IS 6 UT 000473798500080 DI 10.1126/sciadv.aaw4981 ID 78729 ER EF