TY - JOUR T1 - A framework for mapping local knowledge on ciguatera and artisanal fisheries to inform systematic conservation planning A1 - André,Laure A1 - Van Wynsberge,Simon A1 - Chinain,Mireille A1 - Gatti,Clémence Mahana Iti A1 - Dempsey,Alexandra A1 - Andréfouët,Serge AD - IRD, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement—France, UMR 9220 Entropie (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement—France, Université de la Réunion, Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, Ifremer, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), BP A5, 98848 Nouméa cedex, New Caledonia AD - SU Sorbonne Université, 21, Rue de L'école de Médecine, Paris 75006, France AD - Ifremer, Institut Français de Recherche pour l’Exploitation de la Mer, UMR 9220 Entropie (Institut de Recherche pour le Développement—France, Université de la Réunion, Université de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, Ifremer, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), BP A5, 98848 Nouméa Cedex, New Caledonia AD - ILM ,Institut Louis Malardé, Laboratoire des Biotoxines Marines, UMR 241 EIO (Ifremer, Institut Louis Malardé, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Université de la Polynésie Française), BP 30, 98713 Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia AD - KSLOF ,Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation, 821 Chesapeake Avenue #3568, Annapolis, MD 21403, USA UR - https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsab016 DO - 10.1093/icesjms/fsab016 KW - French Polynesia KW - marine biotoxins KW - marine-protected area KW - Marxan KW - Raivavae Island KW - small-scale fisheries N2 - Millions of people’s livelihoods rely on artisanal fisheries. However, in many regions fishers are increasingly facing ciguatera poisoning, a seafood-borne illness. The toxin, produced by benthic dinoflagellates, can spread through marine food webs and to humans by direct consumption. Ciguatera risk can play a major role in fisher’s activities but has never been considered in any marine spatial plans thus far. To fill this gap, we examined if integrating ciguatera in systematic conservation plans could affect these decisions. We developed through map-based interviews, a novel seven-step framework to collect and map local knowledge on ciguatera risk and fisheries activities with two innovations: (i) better mapping of fishing grounds by combining geomorphological habitat and fishing gear information, and (ii) integrating ciguatera risk directly into systematic spatial planning designs and scenarios conceived to maximize benthic habitat conservation while minimizing impacts to fishers. The approach is illustrated for Raivavae Island, in French Polynesia, Pacific Ocean. We found that integrating ciguatera significantly improved prioritization solutions with a 24–38% decrease of costs to fishers compared with scenarios based solely on fishery data. This framework was designed for scientists and managers to optimize the implementation of conservation plans and could be generalized to ciguatera-prone areas. Y1 - 2021/08 PB - Oxford University Press (OUP) JF - Ices Journal Of Marine Science SN - 1054-3139 VL - 78 IS - 4 SP - 1357 EP - 1371 ID - 79591 ER -