FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Molecular Pathways and Pigments Underlying the Colors of the Pearl Oyster Pinctada margaritifera var. cumingii (Linnaeus 1758) BT AF Stenger, Pierre-Louis Ky, Chin-Long Reisser, Celine Duboisset, Julien Dicko, Hamadou DURAND, Patrick Quintric, Laure Planes, Serge Vidal-Dupiol, Jeremie AS 1:1,2;2:1,2;3:1,3;4:4;5:4;6:5;7:5;8:6;9:1,2; FF 1:PDG-RBE-RMPF;2:PDG-RBE-IHPE;3:PDG-RBE-MARBEC;4:;5:;6:PDG-IRSI-SEBIMER;7:PDG-IRSI-SEBIMER;8:;9:PDG-RBE-IHPE; C1 IFREMER, UMR 241 Écosystèmes Insulaires Océaniens, Labex Corail, Centre Ifremer du Pacifique, BP 49, 98725 Tahiti, France IHPE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, Univ Perpignan Via Domitia, Montpellier, France MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, IFREMER, IRD, Montpellier, France Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France Service de Bioinformatique, Département IRSI, IFREMER, ZI de la Pointe du Diable, 29280 Plouzané, France EPHE-UPVD-CNRS, USR 3278 CRIOBE, Labex Corail, PSL Research University, Université de Perpignan, Perpignan, France C2 IFREMER, FRANCE IFREMER, FRANCE IFREMER, FRANCE UNIV AIX MARSEILLE, FRANCE IFREMER, FRANCE UNIV PERPIGNAN, FRANCE SI TAHITI MONTPELLIER BREST SE PDG-RBE-RMPF PDG-RBE-IHPE PDG-RBE-MARBEC PDG-IRSI-SEBIMER UM MARBEC IHPE EIO IN WOS Ifremer UMR DOAJ copubli-france copubli-univ-france IF 4.141 TC 9 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00685/79671/82446.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00685/79671/82447.zip LA English DT Article DE ;Pinctada margaritifera;color;pigment;transcriptomics;Raman spectroscopy AB The shell color of the Mollusca has attracted naturalists and collectors for hundreds of years, while the molecular pathways regulating pigment production and the pigments themselves remain poorly described. In this study, our aim was to identify the main pigments and their molecular pathways in the pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera—the species displaying the broadest range of colors. Three inner shell colors were investigated—red, yellow, and green. To maximize phenotypic homogeneity, a controlled population approach combined with common garden conditioning was used. Comparative analysis of transcriptomes (RNA-seq) of P. margaritifera with different shell colors revealed the central role of the heme pathway, which is involved in the production of red (uroporphyrin and derivates), yellow (bilirubin), and green (biliverdin and cobalamin forms) pigments. In addition, the Raper–Mason, and purine metabolism pathways were shown to produce yellow pigments (pheomelanin and xanthine) and the black pigment eumelanin. The presence of these pigments in pigmented shell was validated by Raman spectroscopy. This method also highlighted that all the identified pathways and pigments are expressed ubiquitously and that the dominant color of the shell is due to the preferential expression of one pathway compared with another. These pathways could likely be extrapolated to many other organisms presenting broad chromatic variation PY 2021 PD MAR SO Genes SN 2073-4425 PU MDPI AG VL 12 IS 3 UT 000633644200001 DI 10.3390/genes12030421 ID 79671 ER EF