FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Assessing variability in the ratio of metal concentrations measured by DGT-type passive samplers and spot sampling in European seawaters BT AF Rodríguez, Jose German Amouroux, Isabelle Belzunce-Segarra, María Jesús Bersuder, Philippe Bolam, Thi Caetano, Miguel Carvalho, Inês Correia dos Santos, Margarida Fones, Gary R. Gonzalez, Jean-Louis Guesdon, Stephane Larreta, Joana Marras, Barbara McHugh, Brendan Menet-Nédélec, Florence Menchaca, Iratxe Gabet, Vanessa Millán Montero, Natalia Nolan, Martin Regan, Fiona Robinson, Craig D. Rosa, Nuno Sanz, Marta Rodrigo Schintu, Marco White, Blánaid Zhang, Hao AS 1:1;2:2;3:1;4:3;5:3;6:4;7:5;8:5;9:6;10:7;11:8;12:1;13:9;14:10;15:11;16:1;17:12;18:9;19:13;20:13;21:14;22:9;23:12;24:9;25:13;26:15; FF 1:;2:PDG-RBE-BE;3:;4:;5:;6:;7:;8:;9:;10:PDG-ODE-LITTORAL-LERPAC;11:PDG-ODE-LITTORAL-LERPC;12:;13:;14:;15:PDG-ODE-LITTORAL-LERN;16:;17:;18:;19:;20:;21:;22:;23:;24:;25:;26:; C1 AZTI, Marine Research Division, Herrera Kaia Portualde z/g, 20110 Pasaia, Spain Ifremer, Unit of Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Rue de l’Ile d’Yeu, 44300 Nantes, France CEFAS, Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Lowestoft Laboratory, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk, NR33 0HT, UK IPMA, Portuguese Institute of Sea and Atmosphere, Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-165 Lisbon, Portugal Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Lisboa, Portugal University of Portsmouth, School of the Environment Geography and Geosciences, Burnaby Road, Portsmouth PO1 3QL, United Kingdom Ifremer, Unit of Biogeochemistry and Ecotoxicology, Zone Portuaire de Brégaillon CS20330 83507 La Seyne/mer cedex, France Ifremer, LITTORAL, Laboratoire Environnement Ressources des Pertuis Charentais, Avenue de Mus de Loup, 17390, La Tremblade, France UNICA, Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Sanità Pubblica, Università degli studi di Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy Marine Institute, Rinville, Oranmore, Galway, Ireland Ifremer, LITTORAL, Laboratoire Environnement Ressources de Normandie, Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 14520 Port-en-Bessin, France ITC, Playa de Pozo Izquierdo, s/n. CP: 35119, Sta. Lucía, Las Palmas, Spain DCU Water Institute, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland MSS, Marine Scotland Science, Marine Laboratory, 365 Victoria Road, Aberdeen AB11 9DB, United Kingdom Lancaster University, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster LA1 4YQ, United Kingdom C2 AZTI, SPAIN IFREMER, FRANCE CEFAS, UK IPMA, PORTUGAL TECNICO LISBOA, PORTUGAL UNIV PORTSMOUTH, UK IFREMER, FRANCE IFREMER, FRANCE UNIV CAGLIARI, ITALY MARINE INST GALWAY, IRELAND IFREMER, FRANCE ITC, SPAIN UNIV DUBLIN CITY, IRELAND MARINE SCOTLAND SCI, UK UNIV LANCASTER, UK SI NANTES TOULON LA TREMBLADE PORT-EN-BESSIN SE PDG-RBE-BE PDG-ODE-LITTORAL-LERPAC PDG-ODE-LITTORAL-LERPC PDG-ODE-LITTORAL-LERN IN WOS Ifremer UPR copubli-europe IF 10.754 TC 9 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00688/80043/83034.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00688/80043/83336.docx LA English DT Article DE ;EU Water Framework Directive;Diffusive gradients in thin-films (DGT);Passive samplers AB The current study evaluates the effect of seawater physico-chemical characteristics on the relationship between the concentration of metals measured by Diffusive Gradients in Thin films (DGT) passive samplers (i.e., DGT-labile concentration) and the concentrations measured in discrete water samples. Accordingly, Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to measure the total dissolved metal concentrations in the discrete water samples and the labile metal concentrations obtained by DGT samplers; additionally, lead and cadmium conditional labile fractions were determined by Anodic Stripping Voltammetry (ASV) and total dissolved nickel was measured by Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry (CSV). It can be concluded that, in general, the median ratios of DGT/ICP and DGT/ASV(CSV) were lower than 1, except for Ni (median ratio close to 1) and Zn (higher than 1). This indicates the importance of speciation and time-integrated concentrations measured using passive sampling techniques, which is in line with the WFD suggestions for improving the chemical assessment of waterbodies. It is the variability in metal content in waters rather than environmental conditions to which the variability of the ratios can be attributed. The ratios were not significantly affected by the temperature, salinity, pH, oxygen, DOC or SPM, giving a great confidence for all the techniques used. Within a regulatory context such as the EU Water Framework Directive this is a great advantage, since the simplicity of not needing to use corrections to minimize the effects of environmental variables could help in implementing DGTs within monitoring networks. PY 2021 PD AUG SO Science Of The Total Environment SN 0048-9697 PU Elsevier BV VL 783 UT 000656998500013 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147001 ID 80043 ER EF