@phdthesis{80166, type = "Thesis", year = "2021", title = "Étude de l’écologie de Marteilia refringens et Bonamia ostreae, deux parasites protozoaires de l’huître plate, Ostrea edulis, Study of the ecology of Marteilia refringens and Bonamia ostreae, two protozoan parasites of the flat oyster, Ostrea edulis", journal = "", editor = "", volume = "", number = "", pages = "", author = "Merou Nicolas", url = "https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00690/80166/", organization = "", address = "FRANCE", school = "Université de La Rochelle", abstract = "
The flat oyster Ostrea edulis is a bivalve mollusc native from European coasts. Since the end of the 20th century, this species has been struck by two epizootics diseases caused by the protozoan parasites Marteilia refringens and Bonamia ostreae. Today, although shellfish farmers are showing a renewed interest in this patrimonial species and conservation and restoration programs are developing in Europe, these parasitic diseases still put pressure on natural and farmed populations. Solutions to control these diseases are limited and require a good knowledge of parasite life cycles as well as their interactions with their hosts. Although the development of parasites in bivalves is relatively well described, questions remain about their behaviour in the environment.
In this context, these PhD works have contributed to the development of eDNA / eRNA based approaches allowing the detection of parasites in seawater and benthos. These tools, combined with microscopical examination for M. refringens, were used to investigate experimentally parasite survival and release dynamics outside the flat oyster. These analytical approaches were also used in the context of a field study carried out in Rade of Brest on the environmental distribution and temporal dynamics of the parasites on a natural flat oyster bed.
The developed approaches and obtained results not only bring new perspectives on the ecology of these non-cultivable microparasites but are also of interest for the surveillance and the evaluation of the health status of lasts flat oyster beds.