FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Environmental DNA metabarcoding reveals and unpacks a biodiversity conservation paradox in Mediterranean marine reserves BT AF Boulanger, Emilie Loiseau, Nicolas Valentini, Alice Arnal, Véronique Boissery, Pierre Dejean, Tony Deter, Julie Guellati, Nacim Holon, Florian Juhel, Jean-Baptiste Lenfant, Philippe Manel, Stéphanie Mouillot, David AS 1:1,2;2:2;3:3;4:1;5:4;6:3;7:5;8:2;9:5;10:2;11:6;12:1;13:2,7; FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;5:;6:;7:;8:;9:;10:;11:;12:;13:; C1 CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE-PSL University, IRD, Montpellier, France MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, Montpellier, France SPYGEN, Le Bourget-du-Lac, France Agence de l'Eau Rhône-Méditerranée-Corse, Délégation de Marseille, Marseille, France Andromède Océanologie, Carnon, France CEFREM, CNRS, UPVD, Université de Perpignan, Perpignan, France Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France C2 UNIV MONTPELLIER, FRANCE UNIV MONTPELLIER, FRANCE SPYGEN, FRANCE AGENCE EAU RHONE MEDITERRANEE CORSE, FRANCE ANDROMEDE OCEANOLOGIE, FRANCE UNIV PERPIGNAN, FRANCE INST UNIV FRANCE, FRANCE UM MARBEC IN WOS Cotutelle UMR copubli-france copubli-univ-france IF 5.531 TC 28 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00692/80374/83491.pdf https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00692/80374/83492.pdf LA English DT Article DE ;environmental DNA metabarcoding;marine reserves;alpha and beta diversity AB Although we are currently experiencing worldwide biodiversity loss, local species richness does not always decline under anthropogenic pressure. This conservation paradox may also apply in protected areas but has not yet received conclusive evidence in marine ecosystems. Here, we survey fish assemblages in six Mediterranean no-take reserves and their adjacent fishing grounds using environmental DNA (eDNA) while controlling for environmental conditions. We detect less fish species in marine reserves than in nearby fished areas. The paradoxical gradient in species richness is accompanied by a marked change in fish species composition under different managements. This dissimilarity is mainly driven by species that are often overlooked by classical visual surveys but detected with eDNA: cryptobenthic, pelagic, and rare fishes. These results do not negate the importance of reserves in protecting biodiversity but shed new light on how under-represented species groups can positively react to fishing pressure and how conservation efforts can shape regional biodiversity patterns. PY 2021 PD APR SO Proceedings Of The Royal Society B-biological Sciences SN 0962-8452 PU The Royal Society VL 288 IS 1949 UT 000645596700007 DI 10.1098/rspb.2021.0112 ID 80374 ER EF