FN Archimer Export Format PT J TI Detecting, classifying, and counting blue whale calls with Siamese neural networks BT AF Zhong, Ming Torterotot, Maelle Branch, Trevor A. Stafford, Kathleen M. Royer, Jean-Yves Dodhia, Rahul Lavista Ferres, Juan AS 1:1;2:2;3:3;4:4;5:2;6:1;7:1; FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;5:;6:;7:; C1 AI for Good Research Lab, Microsoft, Redmond, Washington 98052, USA Laboratory Geosciences Ocean, University of Brest and CNRS, Brest, France School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, USA Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, USA C2 MICROSOFT RES, USA UBO, FRANCE UNIV WASHINGTON, USA UNIV WASHINGTON, USA UM LGO IF 2.482 TC 12 UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00693/80505/83708.pdf LA English DT Article AB The goal of this project is to use acoustic signatures to detect, classify, and count the calls of four acoustic populations of blue whales so that, ultimately, the conservation status of each population can be better assessed. We used manual annotations from 350 h of audio recordings from the underwater hydrophones in the Indian Ocean to build a deep learning model to detect, classify, and count the calls from four acoustic song types. The method we used was Siamese neural networks (SNN), a class of neural network architectures that are used to find the similarity of the inputs by comparing their feature vectors, finding that they outperformed the more widely used convolutional neural networks (CNN). Specifically, the SNN outperform a CNN with 2% accuracy improvement in population classification and 1.7%–6.4% accuracy improvement in call count estimation for each blue whale population. In addition, even though we treat the call count estimation problem as a classification task and encode the number of calls in each spectrogram as a categorical variable, SNN surprisingly learned the ordinal relationship among them. SNN are robust and are shown here to be an effective way to automatically mine large acoustic datasets for blue whale calls. PY 2021 PD MAY SO Journal Of The Acoustical Society Of America SN 0001-4966 PU Acoustical Society of America (ASA) VL 149 IS 5 UT 000649114700002 BP 3086 EP 3094 DI 10.1121/10.0004828 ID 80505 ER EF