Directional Bilateral Asymmetry in Fish Otolith: A Potential Tool to Evaluate Stock Boundaries?
Type | Article | ||||||||
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Date | 2021-06 | ||||||||
Language | English | ||||||||
Author(s) | Mahe Kelig![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
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Affiliation(s) | 1 : IFREMER, Fisheries Laboratory, 150 quai Gambetta, BP 699, 62200 Boulogne-sur-mer, France 2 : Laboratoire de Zoologie Appliquée et d’Ecophysiologie Animale, Université Abderrahmane Mira, Béjaïa 06000, Algeria 3 : Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et des Sciences de la Terre, Université de Bouira, Bouira 10000, Algeria 4 : APLYSIA—Via Menichetti 35, 27121 Livorno, Italy 5 : Campus Universitaire, Université de Tunis El Manar, El Manar II 2092, Tunisia 6 : Centro Oceanográfico de Canarias, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO, CSIC), 38180 Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain 7 : Departamento do Mar e dos Recursos Marinhos, Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA), 1495-006 Lisboa, Portugal 8 : Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Anavyssos Attiki, 19013 Athens, Greece 9 : MARBEC, University Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, 34200 Sète, France 10 : Agrocampus Ouest, UMR 985 ESE Ecologie et santé des écosystèmes, 35042 Rennes, France 11 : CEFAS, Pakefield Road, Lowestoft, Suffolk NR33 0HT, UK 12 : ILVO—Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research, Ankerstraat 1, 8400 Oostende, Belgium 13 : Laboratoire d’Océanologie et de Géosciences, Université Littoral Côte d’Opale, University of Lille, CNRS, UMR 8187, LOG, 62930 Wimereux, France 14 : IFREMER, Sciences et Technologies Halieutiques, CS 10070, 29280 Plouzané, France 15 : MARBEC, University of Montpellier, IFREMER, CNRS, IRD, 34000 Montpellier, France 16 : Evolution and Ecology Program, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), Schlossplatz 1, A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria |
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Source | Symmetry-basel (2073-8994) (MDPI), 2021-06 , Vol. 13 , N. 6 , P. 987 (13p.) | ||||||||
DOI | 10.3390/sym13060987 | ||||||||
WOS© Times Cited | 10 | ||||||||
Note | This article belongs to the Special Issue Biological Symmetry Analysis | ||||||||
Keyword(s) | otolith shape, side effect, Fourier descriptors, stock identification, Mediterranean Sea, Atlantic Ocean, common sole, bogue | ||||||||
Abstract | The otolith, found in both inner ears of bony fish, has mainly been used to estimate fish age. Another application that has been developing significantly in recent years, however, is the use of otolith shape as a tool for stock identification. Often, studies have directly used the shape asymmetry between the right and left otoliths. We tested the magnitude of directional asymmetry between the sagittal otoliths (left vs. right) of 2991 individuals according to their catch locations, and we selected species to evaluate whether directional asymmetry may itself be a tool to evaluate stock boundaries. Elliptical Fourier descriptors were used to describe the otolith shape. We used a flatfish, the common sole (Solea solea, n = 2431), from the eastern English Channel and the southern North Sea as well as a roundfish, the bogue (Boops boops, n = 560), from the Mediterranean Sea. Both species showed significant levels of directional asymmetry between the testing locations. The bogue otoliths showed significant asymmetry for only 5 out of 11 locations, with substantial separation between two large areas: the Algerian coast and the western part of the Italian coast. The sole otoliths showed significant asymmetry in the shape analysis (3.84%–6.57%), suggesting a substantial separation between two large areas: the English and French parts of the English Channel and the southern North Sea. Consequently, directional bilateral asymmetry in otolith shape is a potential new method for stock identification. |
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