FN Archimer Export Format
PT J
TI Omega-3 Pathways in Upwelling Systems: The Link to Nitrogen Supply
BT 
AF Puccinelli, Eleonora
   Sardenne, Fany
   Pecquerie, Laure
   Fawcett, Sarah E.
   Machu, Eric
   Soudant, Philippe
AS 1:1;2:1;3:5;4:2,3;5:4;6:6;
FF 1:;2:;3:;4:;5:;6:;
C1 University of Brest- UMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/Ifremer, LEMAR – IUEM, Plouzané, France
   Department of Oceanography, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
   Marine and Antarctic Research Centre for Innovation and Sustainability (MARIS), University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
   IRD/Laboratoire d’Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), IUEM, University of Brest, CNRS/UBO/IRD/Ifremer, Plouzané, France
   University of Brest- UMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/Ifremer, LEMAR – IUEM, Plouzané, France
   University of Brest- UMR 6539 CNRS/UBO/IRD/Ifremer, LEMAR – IUEM, Plouzané, France
C2 UBO, FRANCE
   UNIV CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA
   UNIV CAPE TOWN, SOUTH AFRICA
   IRD, FRANCE
   IRD, FRANCE
   CNRS, FRANCE
UM LOPS
   LEMAR
IN WOS Cotutelle UMR
   DOAJ
   copubli-france
   copubli-univ-france
   copubli-int-hors-europe
   copubli-sud
IF 5.247
TC 6
UR https://archimer.ifremer.fr/doc/00698/81055/85115.pdf
LA English
DT Article
DE ;omega-3;food web;small pelagic fish;nitrogen supply;coastal upwelling;plankton;climate change;biogeochemical model
AB Omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (hereafter, omega-3), including eicosapentaenoic-acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic-acid (DHA), are essential nutritional compounds for humans, providing several benefits related to cardiovascular and neural health. Human intake of omega-3 occurs mostly via seafood, particularly fish. The primary source of omega-3 in aquatic systems is represented by primary producers, from which omega-3 are transferred throughout the food web. Nitrogen is an essential nutrient for primary producers and can be supplied to surface waters as nitrate upwelled from below, or as ammonium and other regenerated nitrogen forms recycled in situ. Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (EBUS) are the most productive marine systems on Earth, together covering only 2% of the ocean’s surface area but supporting 25% of the global fish catch, thereby providing food for humans. In EBUS, nitrate and other nutrients are advected to the surface to support the proliferation of a phytoplankton community dominated by known omega-3 producers (i.e., diatoms). Given current climate change-related projections of ocean warming, acidification, deoxygenation, and increased upwelling intensity, phytoplankton community composition in EBUS may change. Additionally, the global production of EPA + DHA is expected to decrease by up to 30%, rendering its supply for human consumption insufficient by 2050. Here we discuss the state of knowledge related to omega-3 transfer from phytoplankton to small pelagic fish in EBUS, including factors that can influence omega-3 production, links to nitrogen cycling, climate change implications for the omega-3 supply to humans, and suggestions for future research directions to improve our understanding of omega-3 in the ocean. 
PY 2021
PD JUL
SO Frontiers In Marine Science
SN 2296-7745
PU Frontiers Media SA
VL 8
UT 000662936200001
DI 10.3389/fmars.2021.664601
ID 81055
ER

EF